Cancer

blog, Cancer, Diagnostic Procedures, General Surgery, Hernia Surgery

Recovery After Perineal Hernia Surgery: Expert Advice

blog, Cancer, Diagnostic Procedures, General Surgery, Hernia Surgery / kapoorcmc

Recovery After Perineal Hernia Surgery: Expert Advice Perineal hernia surgery, while often necessary to address a bulge or weakness in the pelvic floor muscles, can leave you feeling achy and apprehensive about returning to your normal routine. However, with proper guidance and a commitment to recovery, you can navigate this experience confidently and regain your well-being. This blog serves as your comprehensive guide to recovering after perineal hernia surgery, packed with expert advice and practical tips- 1. Prioritizing Rest and Recuperation: The Foundation for Healing Just like any surgery, perineal hernia repair requires adequate rest for your body to heal effectively. In light of the nature and intricacy of the procedure, as well as the advice of your physician, schedule at least a few days off from work. Prioritize restful sleep each night, aiming for 7-8 hours. However, complete inactivity isn’t ideal. Short walks around the house can improve circulation and prevent blood clots. Listen to your body’s cues for fatigue and discomfort. Pushing yourself too hard can hinder recovery. 2. Hydration: Your Body’s Ally in Healing Dehydration can slow down healing, exacerbate constipation, and make you feel sluggish. Make water your go-to beverage. Aim for eight or more glasses daily. Consider using a reusable water bottle and tracking your intake to ensure you stay well-hydrated. Alcohol, sugar-filled beverages, and too much caffeine can cause dehydration. Proper hydration also helps with constipation, a common post-surgery side effect. 3. Dietary Do’s and Don’ts: Fueling Your Recovery Journey A balanced, fiber-rich diet is essential for a smooth post-surgery experience. Fruits, vegetables, and whole grains are packed with essential nutrients that support healing and promote healthy digestion. Include plenty of fluids with meals to help soften stool and prevent straining, which can put pressure on the surgical site. Here’s a breakdown of dietary do’s and don’ts: Do: Include plenty of fruits and vegetables (apples, pears, broccoli, spinach) for essential vitamins and fiber. For long-lasting energy, opt for whole grains like brown rice, quinoa, and whole-wheat bread. Consume healthy fats like those found in avocados, nuts, and seeds (in moderation) to promote healing. Don’t: Consume processed foods, greasy meals, and white bread and refined sugars, as they can contribute to constipation. Limit spicy foods, which can irritate the digestive system. Stay away from alcohol and caffeine in excess as they can dehydrate you 4. Pain Management: Partnering with Your Doctor It is common for pain to occur throughout the postoperative healing phase. However, uncontrolled pain can hinder recovery and make it difficult to participate in essential activities like walking or coughing. Don’t hesitate to take prescribed pain medication according to your doctor’s instructions. Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen might also be helpful. Remember, managing pain effectively allows you to rest comfortably and promotes healing faster. Discuss alternative pain management options like ice packs or sitz baths (shallow baths in warm water) with your doctor to find what works best for you. 5. Incision Care: Maintaining a Clean and Protected Healing Environment Proper incision care is vital to prevent infection and promote optimal healing. Follow your doctor’s specific instructions regarding wound cleaning and dressing changes. Typically, the area will need to be kept clean and dry. Avoid wearing tight clothing that might irritate the surgical site. When showering, gently pat the area dry instead of rubbing. In case of redness, swelling, or pus, consult your doctor immediately. 6. Managing Coughing and Sneezing with Care: Minimizing Strain Coughing and sneezing can put pressure on the incision site and cause discomfort. To minimize strain, support the area with a pillow or rolled-up towel when you cough or sneeze. This helps distribute the pressure and reduces pain. 7. Gradual Return to Activity: Respecting Your Body’s Limits While rest is crucial, complete inactivity can be counterproductive. Gentle movements promote healing and prevent complications. Once you can handle the length and intensity, progressively increase from short walks around the house. However, avoid lifting heavy objects for at least 6-8 weeks, or as advised by your doctor. Listen to your body and gradually increase activity to avoid setbacks. 8. Postural Support: Promoting Healing From the Inside Out Maintaining good posture can significantly reduce pain and promote healing after perineal hernia surgery. When sitting, use a supportive chair with good lower back support. Avoid slouching or hunching over. While sleeping, elevate your head slightly with pillows to reduce tension on the pelvic floor muscles. 9. Open Communication with Your Doctor: Addressing Concerns and Monitoring Progress Don’t hesitate to reach out to your doctor if you experience any concerning symptoms after surgery, such as: Fever Increased pain Redness or swelling at the incision site Difficulty urinating Drainage from the incision site Difficulty controlling bowel movements A smooth recovery can be ensured and complications can be avoided with early management. Regular follow-up appointments with your doctor are crucial to monitor your progress and address any concerns you may have. 10. Patience is Key: Trusting the Healing Process Recovery from perineal hernia surgery takes time.Have self-compassion and let your body recover itself at its own speed. Everyone heals differently, so don’t get discouraged if you don’t feel back to normal immediately. Focus on following your doctor’s instructions and gradually increasing your activity level. Celebrate small victories as you progress through your recovery journey. Additional Tips for a Smoother Recovery Pelvic Floor Exercises: After consulting with your doctor, incorporating pelvic floor muscle exercises into your routine can strengthen the muscles in the pelvic floor, which can aid healing and prevent future hernias. Bowel Management: Maintaining regular bowel movements with a soft stool consistency is crucial for reducing strain on the surgical site. If you experience constipation, consider using a stool softener as directed by your doctor. Intimacy: Discuss the appropriate timeframe for resuming sexual activity with your doctor. Typically, several weeks of abstinence are recommended to allow for proper healing. Emotional Support: Perineal hernia surgery can be an emotionally challenging experience. Don’t hesitate to seek support from your loved ones, or consider joining a support

Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Rectal Cancer, Rectal Cancer Surgery

What is sphincter preservation surgery for Rectal Cancer?

Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Rectal Cancer, Rectal Cancer Surgery / kapoorcmc

Surgeons frequently remove both the rectum and the anus from patients who have colorectal cancer in the lower portion of the colon. The patient usually requires a permanent colostomy if the anus is removed; permanent colostomy is an opening from which faeces is collected in a bag that is fastened to the abdominal wall. Surgery that “spares” the anal sphincter while safely removing the rectal cancer is known as sphincter-sparing surgery. The rectum can be completely or partially removed during Low Anterior Resection, a surgical option for low rectal cancer. Rectal cancer treatment frequently necessitates the removal of entire rectum. The final component of digestive system is the large intestine, which is composed of colon and rectum. The rectum and anal region make up the final 18 cm of the large intestine. Sphincters are located along the anal canal, which is the 3.8 cm portion lying next to the anal opening. Principles of cancer surgery includes removing a minimum of 2 cm of rectum below the edge of the cancer to ensure complete removal of rectal cancer. Advantages of Sphincter-sparing Surgery This surgery allows a patient with low rectal cancer retain control over the bowel movements; it also helps to Enhances the quality of life Provides cancer cure rates equal to more extreme surgery Eliminates the need to remove the sphincter muscles and anus, which allows you to eventually return to passing bowel movements through your anus What Happens During Sphincter-sparing Surgery? In this surgery, the surgeon mobilizes the rectum beyond the tumour till the edge of the sphincter. He tries to get beyond the tumour by a minimum of 2 cm and creates a space to place the stapler. If possible, it is called sphincter sparing surgery and prevents the patient from having a permanent stoma. What are these surgeries called These surgeries are called Low Anterior Resection or Ultra Low Anterior Resection What are the special requirement for sphincter saving surgery? There are many requirements for this surgery. The most important is availability of stapling devices. As we know that pelvis is a very small narrow area located in the lower part of the abdominal cavity. The rectum is located in the pelvis. Along with rectum, the pelvis also has a urinary bladder as well prostate in males and uterus and both ovaries in females. Once the rectum is removed, precise stapling instruments help the surgeon to join back the cut end of the lower rectum as well as the cut end of the left colon. The include circular stapling devices as well as flexible right angles stapling devices. There are many variants available to choose from. The choice will depend upon the kind of surgery as well as the patients’ habitat. What are the precautions required for sphincter saving surgeries? Oncologic principles of cancer removal have to be followed. Can sphincter saving surgeries be done with minimal access? Yes. These surgeries can be done with a robotic or laparoscopic approach. However, a small incision will have to be given to remove the excised part of colon. Conclusion Thus, if one has a low rectal cancer, there is a probability that sphincter saving procedure can be done. Patient should consult a colorectal surgeon and discuss the possibility.

Breast Cancer, Cancer, General Surgery

Relevance of Breast Cancer Awareness Month

Breast Cancer, Cancer, General Surgery / kapoorcmc

Breast Cancer Awareness Month Each year, October is breast cancer awareness month, a campaign to educate people about breast cancer. It is one of the commonest cancer in India. Breast cancer is defined by unrestrained development of cells, which leads to formation of swellings within the breast. If not spotted early, it can spread to other parts of the body. Breast cancer affects females both in the established and the developing world. This cancer can arise at any age but, very common above the age of 40 years. Breast Cancer is the second most commonest cancer in women in India. The typical age of developing breast cancer is 30 – 50 years. Risk factors: Family History: Ladies whose mother or sibling had breast cancer carry a greater risk of establishing this disease. Breast swellings: Women who have actually had some type of non-cancerous breast lumps are more likely to establish cancer later on. Age: As women get older, they are at higher threat of breast cancer. Diet plan and way of life choices: Females who smoke, eat high fat diet plan, drink alcohol are more at risk of establishing breast cancer. Weight problems: Obese ladies are at a higher risk of establishing breast cancer. Oestrogen exposure: Ladies who began having periods early or gone into menopause later than typical are at a greater threat of developing breast cancer. Tips for Breast Cancer Prevention It is necessary to self-examine your breasts. Ladies need to be aware as to how their breast generally feel and look. If you feel any change, then speak with your doctor. It is advisable for females who are around 40 to get their mammography done. It is an easy radiographic technique which helps in detecting abnormalities in the breast tissue. Addition of vegetables and fruits in your diet plan helps in keeping a healthy body weight. For new mothers, it is a good idea to breastfeed their child a minimum of for one year. One should be aware about self-breast exam, beginning from 20 years of age, and regularly done each month; if there is an abnormality it should be got counter checked from your surgeon. Book Your Appointment or Call at +91-9876-507-444 to get the best treatment.

Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Rectal Cancer, Survivor story

Rectal Cancer Survivor takes life one day at a time

Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Rectal Cancer, Survivor story / kapoorcmc

“Take one day at a time; always look on the positive side; and never give up.” This is what Ruchi (name changed) has to say as she battled a life changing event in her life when in May, 2012, she was diagnosed with rectal cancer that had spread to her liver. She was 32, recently married and planning to have a child. Signs and symptoms of rectal cancer Ruchi noticed something was wrong when she had multiple bleeding bouts over a span of 14 days. She had been diagnosed with haemorrhoids years ago and thus attributed her symptoms to haemorrhoids flaring up. She hoped the bleeding and urgent need to use the washroom was temporary and what she was experiencing was just a one-time flare up. However, over the next few weeks, the bleeding became more frequent and urgency continued. By the end of November, Ruchi’s symptoms stayed and she was forced (as she says) to seek appointment with me. Ruchi’s energy level had dropped so low, she was having trouble performing her job working. Bleeding with stools can be due to many reasons and should never be ignored. One of the reason for this could be a cancer of the lower colon or rectum. Many a times these bleedings are attributed to piles and thus managed without seeking a doctors consult. If this bleeding is because of a cancer, we lose chance of picking it up early and thus ensuring cure. I examined Ruchi and found that she had external haemorrhoids. However on examination of her back passage I found a tumour in her rectum. Rectum is the last portion of the intestines, where stools are stored. This area can be examined digitally with a gloved finger right in the outpatient clinic. I ordered tests which also included a colonoscopy. Her haemoglobin was low because of her bleeding. In colonoscopy, I found a large tumour in the lower rectum, 2 cm away from her anal opening. I took biopsies which came as cancer. Her CT scan revealed that she also had a solitary tumour in the liver and thus she was diagnosed to be having stage 4 rectal cancer. Counselling about rectal cancer and outcomes I sat down with Ruchi and her husband and broke the news to them. I explained about the disease and various treatment options. I also gave hope as stage 4 rectal cancers can be treated successfully and almost up to 30 percent patients have a good survival chance. The session lasted for almost an hour. I called them again next day to further discuss her treatment plans as well as answer any more questions they had. They were of course devastated at the news. Stage 4 rectal cancer requires chemo as well as radiation, followed by surgery. Her ova had to be procured and saved for future so that she can have babies. Ruchi describes getting the news she had cancer as shocking, but she says that she didn’t feel scared. “Even though both of us were crying, I was sure I was going to face it with courage”. She knew that she could rely on her husband’s support. She was also sure her parents would also help her in the crisis. She was very determined to remain positive. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiation for rectal cancer Stage 4 rectal cancer has many pathways for treatment depending on quite a few factors. After a tumour board meeting, it was decided to treat her with chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and then surgery if required. With chemotherapy her liver tumour vanished and rectal tumour became small. After radiotherapy, the rectal tumour was difficult to feel but she had problems with incontinence. So APR surgery was planned for her. In this major surgery the rectum along with back passage is removed and the patient is given a permanent stoma called end colostomy. Ruchi underwent surgery to remove the tumour and got a permanent colostomy, where the end of her colon was brought out through a hole created in the abdomen wall on left lower abdomen. This allows wastes (faecal matter) out of the body, which is collected in a colostomy bag, that has to be emptied regularly. Life with a permanent stoma for rectal cancer surgery Ruchi says that the colostomy bag was a big mental block for her. She had been counselled about her permanent colostomy by a stoma therapist in my team, but Ruchi was still apprehensive. However the stoma therapist had multiple meetings with her and her husband and slowly she adjusted to life with a stoma. Her main focus remained about the cancer being completely eliminated and thus a favourable biopsy report after her surgery elevated her mood. “At that point, I started thinking about a future and that helped me. I was so focussed on my cancer that my communication with my husband were always about my cancer, treatment and outcomes. One month after the surgery, when I was told that the cancer at that stage had been eliminated from the body, I felt so relieved. My liver looked good and thus no further treatment was required.” Ruchi was now learning to live with her stoma and changed life style. We encouraged her to start thinking about normal chores and getting involved in managing her house. We also started her on daily exercises, walks and trips to the park. Ruchi was also counselled about her relationship and sex life. She was encouraged to roll back into the relationship at her pace. Her partner was also counselled about living with a person with a stoma. Having an understanding partner is very important; Ruchi was very lucky on that front. Surveillance for Rectal Cancer We made a 7 year surveillance plan for her so that we remain on the lookout for the cancer coming back. A three monthly visit to the clinic and yearly plan for scans and colonoscopy was planned. No bag after rectal cancer surgery 8 weeks after surgery, the stoma therapist

Cancer, Cancer of the Cervix, Cancer Prevention, Cancer Screening, Cervical Cancer

Cervical Cancer Surgery in Chandigarh | Cervical Cancer Screening

Cancer, Cancer of the Cervix, Cancer Prevention, Cancer Screening, Cervical Cancer / kapoorcmc

Cervical Cancer Screening Cervical Cancer Surgery in Chandigarh – Cervical cancer screening tests aid discover cervical cancer at onset. When located early, the possibilities for successfully dealing with the condition are greatest. Ensure you obtain a health check-up annual plan, even if you do not require a screening test. If you’ve had the HPV vaccine, you still require to be evaluated. The screening suggestions listed below apply to the majority of women and have been categorized according to age. Cervical Cancer Screening for ages 21 to 29 Pap test every three years Cervical Cancer Screening for ages 30 to 64 Pap test and also human papillomavirus (HPV) test every 5 years OR Pap examination every three years Cervical Cancer Screening for ages 65 or older No further testing if you’ve had normal Pap or HPV test in past 10 years. Cervical Cancer Screening for ladies who have had a hysterectomy If you’ve have had a hysterectomy, but have not had cervical cancer cells or serious cervical dysplasia, you should speak to your doctor regarding whether you need to continue screening if your hysterectomy consisted of removal of the cervix. Get a Pap examination and HPV examination every five years if your hysterectomy didn’t consist of elimination of the cervix. Cervical Cancer Screening for women at enhanced risk of getting Cervical Cancer You may need to start screening at an earlier age, get extra examinations or be examined more frequently. You’re at raised threat for cervical cancer if you fall under several of these groups. Background of serious cervical dysplasia, which is a pre-cancerous condition Consistent HPV infection after age 30 An immune system that does not function effectively, such as organ transplant receivers and also those taking medications to reduce their immune system Background of human immunodeficiency infection (HIV). Diethylstilbestrol (DES) direct exposure prior to birth. Also See: Rectal Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Cervical Cancer Screening for women who have been treated for cervical cancer earlier These ladies need to be under a surveillance program as drawn up by your surgeon. It is vital one should not ignore this schedule as an early recurrence can be picked up and dealt with. If you have not been provided one such surveillance schedule, please seek it from your surgeon. Details about PAP Test used for Screening for Cervical Cancer A Pap test or smear is a screening test to detect early cervical cancer. The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina. It involves collecting a sample of cells from the cervix from two different spots using a swab or a small brush. It’s done in the OPD Clinic Its discomforting but not painful. it’s done in about five minutes. The sample is sent to the lab in a bottle. Report is usually out within two days Also See Colectomy Surgery in Chandigarh Cervical Cancer Surgery in Chandigarh

Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Gynaecology Cancer, Vulvar Cancer

Vulvar Cancer Treatment Doctor in Chandigarh | Vulvar Cancer Surgeon

Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Gynaecology Cancer, Vulvar Cancer / kapoorcmc

What is vulvar cancer? Best Treatment for Vulvar Cancer – Vulvar cancer can happen on any part of the female genital organs; however most often affects the labia majora or labia minora. Cancer of the vulva is an unusual disease, accounting for 0.6 percent of all cancers in women, and also it grows slowly and gradually over several years. A lot of vulvar cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. Melanoma is another common kind of vulvar cancer that is generally located in the labia minora or clitoris. We deal with a lot more women every year with this vulvar cancer and therefore offers us a degree of experience and also proficiency that might bring about a greater opportunity for successful treatment in many cases. Vulvar Cancer Risk Factors The following elements might enhance a woman’s threat of being afflicted with vulvar cancer: Of the ladies who develop vulvar cancer, over 80 percent are more than 50, as well as fifty percent are over 70. Infection with certain kinds of HPV HIV infection Lichen sclerosus Melanoma or irregular moles on nonvulvar skin Also See: Rectal Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh What are symptoms of vulvar cancer? Symptoms vary and may include: Red or white raised area with a rough surface on the vulva Itching or burning in the genital area Pain while passing urine Bleeding and discharge from the vagina, when one is not having a menstrual period Non healing ulcer on the vulva Change in the size of a mole on vulva Swelling or lump on the vulva or in the opening of the vagina Diagnosis of vulvar cancer It is very important that vulvar cancer is diagnosed early as well as where the cancer has spread. These are: Clinical Examination Biopsy of the growth, if the growth is large Chest X-ray CT scans MRI scans PET scans Blood tests Vulvar cancer treatments If you are identified with vulvar cancer cells, your physician will go over the very best choices to treat it. This depends upon a number of aspects, including:. The kind as well as phase of the cancer. Your general wellness. Your age. Your preferences. Also See: Colon Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Surgical treatment for Vulvar Cancer. Surgery is the main treatment for vulvar cancer. Best results are accrued if vulvar cancer surgery is done by a specialist with a good deal of experience in the procedure. Various forms of surgery for vulvar cancer include the following: Laser surgery: Lasers may be utilized to deal with precancerous changes. Unusual cells are burnt with a laser light beam. Lasers are not utilized for invasive vulvar cancer cells. Excision: The cancer as well as surrounding normal area of almost 1/2 inch of skin and tissues on each side of the tumour are gotten rid of. Reconstruction is done after the removal. Vulvectomy: This is major surgery in which all or major part of vulva is removed. Reconstruction is done with the help of a plastic surgeon. Pelvic exenteration: In this complex surgical procedure, the vulva and lymph nodes in the pelvis are removed. Depending upon how much the cancer cells has actually spread, the colon, anus, bladder, uterus, cervix and/or vaginal canal may be gotten rid of. Inguinal lymph node removal: Lymph nodes on one or both sides of the groin area are excised and sent for biopsy. Sentinel lymph node biopsy: The surgeon eliminates the lymph nodes closest to the cancer and looks at them under a microscope. If the cells do not have cancer cells, no more lymph nodes are gotten rid of. If the cells do have cancer, various other lymph nodes in the location will have to be removed. Topical Therapy for Vulvar Cancer This kind of treatment may be utilized in precancerous vulvar cell adjustments. These include:. Fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapy drug. Imiquimod. Radiation treatment for Vulvar cancer Radiotherapy is one of the most current and innovative options for vulvar cancer. New radiation treatment enable us to target lumps a lot more precisely, delivering the optimum amount of radiation with the least damages to healthy and balanced cells. Chemotherapy for Vulvar Cancer Chemo treatment in some cases may be given with radiation treatment to aid make the cancer smaller prior to surgery. It additionally might be used to treat lymph nodes. How to prevent Vulvar Cancer: Using condoms during sexual activities To stop smoking Getting vaccinated against HPV Having routine Pap tests and pelvic exams Good hygiene of the genital organs Salient Features about Vulvar cancer

Cancer, Cancer of the Cervix, Cancer Prevention, Cervical Cancer, HPV Vaccine, Vaccine

Are your children protected from Human Papilloma Virus

Cancer, Cancer of the Cervix, Cancer Prevention, Cervical Cancer, HPV Vaccine, Vaccine / kapoorcmc

What is HPV infection? HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection caused by a virus called Human Papilloma Virus or HPV. It’s passed from one person to one more via direct skin-to-skin contact through a sexual activity. A majority of sexually active men and women get HPV infection eventually or the other in their life. Most frequently, the infection subsides on its very own or transforms into a benign genital protuberance called wart. The genuine danger is when HPV triggers different kinds of cancer cells, especially cervical cancer. It’s estimated that over 3,00,000 females die each year of cervical cancer. 90% of these fatalities are preventable. Just how does HPV vaccination work against cervical cancer? HPV vaccination works specifically like various other booster shots that protect individuals against viral infections. It boosts the production of antibodies in the body to make sure that when there’s an exposure with the HPV in the future, the infection is stopped from infecting the cells. The HPV vaccination, nonetheless, does not stop other venereal diseases or heal existing HPV infections or HPV-caused illness. What does HPV vaccination shield against? High-risk kinds of HPV are connected to various sorts of cancer cells, consisting of: • Cervical cancer• Vaginal cancer• Vulval cancer• Rectal cancer• Cancer of the penis• Some cancers of the head and neck Infection with other types of HPV may trigger: • Genital Warts– little developments of swellings or skin changes on or around the genital or rectal location; they’re one of the most usual viral sexually transmitted infection (STI)• Skin growths and also verrucas– out and around the genital location• Moles on the voice box or vocal cords (laryngeal papillomas). It prevents against every one of the above. Just how Well Do These HPV Vaccines Work? HPV inoculation functions very well. HPV injection has the prospective to prevent more than 90% of HPV-attributable cancers. Given that HPV inoculation was first advised in 2006, there has actually been a substantial decrease in HPV infections. Fewer teenagers as well as young people are getting genital growths. HPV injection has likewise lowered the variety of instances of precancers of the cervix in girls. What are the types of HPV vaccines available in India:. Currently, there are 2 sorts of HPV vaccines offered in India. Both of them are qualified worldwide. The very first one is a quadrivalent vaccine called Gardasil, while the second is a bivalent one by the name Cervarix. Who requires the HPV inoculation and also when? Throughout the world, HPV inoculation is recommended at ages 11 or 12, despite the fact that it can be begun at the fairly young age of 9. The inoculation is extremely advised for all children (Males and females) till age 26, particularly if they are not correctly vaccinated versus HPV previously. Experts really feel that It is very reliable when administered before the very first sexual relations. Inoculation is not suggested for everyone older than age 26 years. Nevertheless, some grownups age 27 and up to 45 years that are not currently vaccinated might decide to obtain HPV injection after talking with their physician regarding their danger for brand-new HPV infections and the possible advantages of vaccination. HPV inoculation in this age variety offers less benefit, as even more individuals have actually already been subjected to HPV infection. Also See: Rectal Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh How many number of dosages are advised for HPV vaccine? Only two dosages are suggested if inoculation started at age 9 as well as through age 14. Teenagers as well as young adults that start the immunization later, at ages 15 with 26 years, require three dosages of HPV vaccination. Adolescents aged 9 through 14 years who have already received two dosages of HPV vaccination less than 5 months apart will certainly need a 3rd dosage. Three doses are advised for individuals with weakened body immune systems aged 9 via 26 years. What Should Not Get HPV Vaccine? Inform your physician about any severe allergies. Individuals who should not get these HPV injections, consist of: • Individuals who have ever had a deadly allergic reaction to any type of ingredient of an HPV vaccine, or to a previous dose of HPV injection.• Individuals who have an allergy to yeast.• Individuals who are expectant. HPV vaccinations are secure for children who are mildly ill– for instance, with a low-grade fever of less than 101 levels, a cold, runny nose, or coughing. Individuals with a modest or serious ailment should wait until they are better. What Are the Possible Side Effects of HPV Vaccine? Vaccines, like any type of medicine, can have adverse effects. Lots of people that obtain HPV vaccination have no negative effects at all. Some people report having really mild adverse effects, like a sore arm from the shot. Other side effects, though mild are • Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given.• Fever.• Headache or sensation of being tired.• Nausea or vomiting.• Muscle or joint pain.• Quick fainting spells and also associated symptoms (such as jerking activities) can happen after any type of medical treatment, consisting of vaccination. Sitting or lying down when getting a shot as well as staying in that setting for around 15 mins after an inoculation can assist stop fainting as well as injuries brought on by falls. On extremely rare events, serious (anaphylactic) allergic reactions might happen after vaccination. People with severe allergies to any kind of part of an injection should not obtain that vaccine. Where Can I Find These HPV Vaccines? HPV vaccine might be offered at private doctor workplaces, community health centers, school-based health centres, as well as health clinics, nursing homes and tertiary care hospitals including medical colleges. Summary for HPV Vaccine

Cancer, Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Colorectal Surgery, Survivor story

Survivor Story: Colon Cancer Surgery – During and After

Cancer, Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Colorectal Surgery, Survivor story / kapoorcmc

This is a story of one of my patient about her fight with colon cancer. She wanted to write and I encouraged her to put her experience in words. She did so, but decided that she wanted her name be changed. It all began in 2016. Sonia, a 46-year-old, mom of a then 20 year old was working full time awakened with what she assumed was a stomach ache that just didn’t want to disappear. Throughout the day it seemed to get worse and by that night she could not walk. Her husband was away on a business trip and thus her daughter, who was in Delhi university returned and took her to the hospital. Also See: Colon Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Diagnosis of colon cancer Lot of tests were done and the CAT Scan found a mass in her right colon which looked like a tumour. She remained in the hospital for seven days. As she writes, “Ten days of worry, testing, scans, surgical treatment and also a lot of bonding with the nurses”. During that time, a colonoscopy confirmed that the tumour had actually shut off her colon, a Pet scan validated that it had grown past the colon walls and also into the lymph nodes. So she had what we call cancer of the right colon. Once a cancer is diagnosed with colonoscopy and biopsy, the PET CT assesses the entire body for any spread. After these tests, we stage the tumour by giving it a number. Thus Sonia had stage 3 of right sided cancer of the colon and required urgent colon cancer surgery as the lesion was obstructing her ascending colon. This is called a obstructing colon cancer is normal parlance. Colon Cancer Surgery Laparoscopic surgical treatment removed the tumour, 24 cm of colon and also 21 lymph nodes. She recovered well to go home and to be followed up in the OPD. Her case was discussed in hospital tumour board and her cancer was labelled as a Stage III Colon Cancer. Her final biopsy had shown some small vessel infiltration. She was referred to medical oncologist, who made a decision that even though the nodes weren’t impacted, it would be only a short time prior to they would certainly have been, so they decided to give her chemotherapy. This is what Sonia says “Up until this point, I had been living with an extremely worn out sensation at all times as well as taking medication for chest allergy due to the fact that I was having a difficult time capturing my breath. However it turned out I was extremely anaemic and B-12 deficient. My haemoglobin was so low. After the surgery, I felt better as I had received blood transfusions. My pain was gone and since there was no big incision for my surgery, I started feeling good and cheerful” Colon cancer chemotherapy Chemotherapy treatment started a month later and consisted of 5FU, Leucovorin and Oxalliplatin. She writes “life was far from typical. I needed to take added iron tablets as well as have B-12 shots. I got on 3 types of anti-nausea drug. My hair fell from the chemo, I had consistent nose and anal bleeds but had the ability to maintain my composure as well as a will to survive.” So all patients of stage 3 and 4 with colon cancer receive chemotherapy after colon cancer surgery. Some patients of stage 2 also receive chemotherapy after colon cancer surgery as they have some bad prognostic markers. Sonia had obstruction as well as some small vessel infiltration with tumour and thus was earmarked for chemotherapy. The chemotherapy is started about 4 weeks after the surgery and the wounds are completely healed. In the interim a port is inserted to deliver chemotherapy. Sonia writes “I still had fatigue however, I had to will myself to try as well as live a rather regular life. Strolling was difficult as a result of the wooziness. I fell a number of times due to the enduring neuropathy in my feet. I had several issues with my power port but in the end everything worked well. Throughout this experience I utilized the expression “It’s all excellent” as my reply when asked just how I was doing.” Also See Rectal Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Colon cancer surveillance Sonia will be followed up every 3 months for five years, with proceeded checks up to 10 years. Sonia has persuaded her friends to go for screening and all have lately been checked out by their doctors. Colon cancer presents in many ways. Sonia had a complicated presentation as she developed intestinal obstruction because of colon cancer. Colon cancer surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Laparoscopic surgery is the preferred method to do surgery. The surgeries include right, extended right or left hemicolectomy. Chemotherapy is given after surgery for some stage 2, stage 3 and stage 4 colon cancers. Preoperative chemotherapy may be used in stage 4 cancers before surgery is planned. Survival is very good in colon cancer and one should not give up hope. Sonia’s story should be a great motivator for all patients with colon cancer.

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer Screening, Rectal Cancer

Colorectal Cancer Screening and Surveillance for Prevention

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer Screening, Rectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

Colon and rectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer in males and third most common cancer in females in India. Those with a family history of the illness or who have actually had breast, uterine, or ovarian cancer are at a greater threat, as are those who have a history of substantial inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative or Crohn’s colitis. Among the harder aspects of colorectal cancer detection is that, in a lot of cases, the cancers cells or polyps do not initially create any kind of symptoms. The goal is to recognize the possibility for disease as early as feasible, in order to facilitate avoidance or remedy. That’s why testing is so significant; it recognizes whether an asymptomatic person has an illness or condition that could cause cancer. Surveillance, on the other hand, entails screening those with a background of colorectal cancer , or that have actually been identified as being at a higher danger for developing it. Screening for Colorectal Cancer Many people with colon and rectal cancer do not experience any kind of signs and symptoms (consisting of anal blood loss as well as pain in the abdomen) till the cancer is rather progressed– which is why it’s usually described as a “silent” condition. The possibility for a cure is however much lower after signs establish, which is why testing is important. The majority of colorecta cancers begin as polyps (non-cancerous growths). Getting rid of the polyps may lead to stopping the cancer and avoiding the requirement for major surgical procedure. Screening Tests for Colorectal Cancer There are different screening tests that can be carried out. One of the a lot more common tests is called faecal occult blood screening, which includes examining the faeces to detect any kind of blood that might not be visible to the eye. Considering that it only detects cancers as well as polyps that are bleeding at the time of the test, however, faecal occult blood testing is generally used together with other testing methods. Flexible sigmoidoscopy enables your doctor to look straight at the cellular lining of the colon and also rectum. The examination focuses on the cellular lining of the last portion of the colon and anus, where many polyps and cancers cells normally start. Combined with faecal occult blood screening, sigmoidoscopy can find many cancers and also polyps. If an sigmoidoscopy leads to the discovery of a polyp or cancer, or if a person is thought about at a greater risk for having colorectal cancer, after that the physician will likely do a colonoscopy. This treatment permits a full exam of the colorectal cellular lining, in order to diagnose troubles as well as to do biopsies as well as to get rid of polyps. Colonoscopies are typically executed on an outpatient basis. Barium enema, or x-ray of the colon, is an additional treatment made use of to spot big polyps or lumps. It is less exact for smaller sized tumours, and also not quite as effective as a colonoscopy. CT Scan is used in those people, where the suspicion is high but screening tests have not revealed much. When and how often the colorectal cancer screening must be done For people with no determined threats, a digital anal evaluation and screening of the stool for concealed blood are recommended annually beginning at age 40. A colonoscopy should be performed at age 50, or earlier for those with a background of colon cancer in their household. Surveillance for Colorectal Cancer Surveillance is recommended for people in the following risk groups: People who have had any kind of pre-cancerous polyps located as well as surgically removed in the past. A colonoscopy is recommended one to three years after the very first examination. Those with a close loved one (brother or sister, moms and dad, or kid) who has actually had colon cancer or a pre-cancerous polyp. Screening must start at age 40, or five years prior to the age at which the youngest relative was detected. Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer, including close family members as well as across a number of generations. These people should obtain genetic counselling and consider screening for a problem called genetic nonpolyposis intestines cancer. Colonoscopy is advised every 2 years starting in between ages 20 and 30, and also each year after age 40. Individuals with a family history of an acquired disease called familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Counselling and also hereditary screening are advised, to establish if they are carriers for the genetics that triggers the condition. If the gene is spotted, a sigmoidoscopy must be performed every year starting at puberty; if polyposis is present, a total proctocolectomy, which includes removing all the colon and rectum, might be recommended. People with history of colorectal cancer in the past. A total assessment (containing either a colonoscopy is advised within a year after the cancer is initially discovered as well as operatively removed. If exam outcomes are normal, a follow-up test must be carried out within 3 years. People with a background of extensive inflammatory bowel tract disease for a minimum of eight years. A colonoscopy is recommended each to two years. Ladies with a personal history of breast, ovary, or uterine cancer. These people have a 15% lifetime risk of developing colon cancer, as well as should go through a colonoscopy testing every five years, starting at age 40.

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer, Diagnostic Procedures, Rectal Cancer

When do I Need a Colonoscopy

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer, Diagnostic Procedures, Rectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

What is Colonoscopy? A colonoscopy is a test utilised to find lesions or irregularities in the large intestinal tract (colon) and anus. Throughout a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube (colonoscope) is placed right into the colon. A tiny camera at the tip of the tube allows the physician to watch the whole colon. Why is Colonoscopy done? Colonoscopy is done for many purposes. It is used to investigate intestinal tract signs and symptoms. A few are listed below: Rectal bleeding Persistent constipation Chronic Diarrhoea Rectal Cancer Colon Cancer Screening for colon cancer Follow-up colonoscopy How does one prepare for Colonoscopy? After the appointment and prior to a colonoscopy, you’ll require to clear out (empty) your colon. One is not to eat solid food the day prior to the examination. Drinks may be restricted to clear fluids– ordinary water, tea and coffee without milk or just a touch of it, broth, and also carbonated beverages. Avoid red fluids, which can be confused with blood throughout the colonoscopy. You are not to consume anything after midnight before the test. Your medical professional will generally advise taking a laxative, in either tablet form or fluid kind. You might be instructed to take the laxative the night prior to your colonoscopy, or you may be asked to utilize the laxative both the evening before as well as the morning of the procedure. Sometimes, you may require to make use of a non-prescription enema package– either the evening before the exam or a few hrs prior to the exam– to empty your colon. Typically it is not recommended as a key way of clearing your colon. Details of the colonoscopy procedure Consent is taken. Risks are explained during consenting. Sedation is normally suggested. Moderate sedative is given as an injection You’ll lie on your side on the table, typically with your knees drawn towards your upper body. The physician will insert a colonoscope right into your anus and do the procedure. When the scope is moved or air/co2 is introduced, you might really feel abdominal cramping or need to have a defecation. The colonoscope likewise has a tiny video camera at its tip. The video camera sends out video to an exterior monitor to ensure that the doctor can study the inside of your colon. If there is a need, tissue samples (biopsies) are taken or polyp is excised to biopsy it. A colonoscopy generally takes around 30 to 60 mins. When can I completely recover after colonoscopy? After the test, it takes an hour to begin to recover from the sedative. You’ll need someone to take you residence because it can take up to a day for the full effects of the sedative to wear off. Don’t drive or make essential decisions or go back to work for the rest of the day. If your physician got rid of a polyp during your colonoscopy, you may be advised to consume an unique diet regimen briefly. You may feel puffed up or pass gas for a couple of hrs after the examination. Strolling might help soothe any type of pain. You may likewise discover a small amount of blood with your very first defecation after the exam. Usually this isn’t peril. Consult your doctor if you continue to pass blood or blood clots or if you have persistent stomach pain or a fever. What is a negative result? A colonoscopy is considered negative if the doctor doesn’t discover any problems in the colon. Your physician may recommend that you have another colonoscopy: • In 10 years, if you have no colon cancer risk elements other than age.• In 5 years, if you have a history of polyps in previous colonoscopy treatments.• In one year, if there was residual faces in the colon that avoided full evaluation of your colon.• If there is a positive result. What is a positive result? A colonoscopy is considered positive if the physician finds any type of polyps or unusual tissue in the colon. Most polyps aren’t cancerous, but some can be precancerous. Polyps are removed during same colonoscopy or in a new session; excised polyps are sent out to a laboratory for evaluation to determine whether they are malignant, precancerous or noncancerous. Depending on the size and number of polyps, you might require to comply with an extra strenuous monitoring routine in the future to try to find even more polyps. Another colonoscopy is advised if: • More than two polyps.• A large polyp– larger than 0.4 inch (1 centimeter).• Polyps as well as also residual stool in the colon that protects against full exam of the colon.• Polyps with specific cell attributes that suggest a greater danger of future cancer.• Malignant polyps. Difficult colonoscopy Sometimes the procedure is not completed because of lot of faecal matter. pain or difficulty in negotiating the entire length of the colon. A repeat colonoscopy in a shorter time is recommended. If your doctor wasn’t able to advance the extent of entire colon, a barium enema or virtual colonoscopy might be suggested to check out the rest of your colon. What are the risks of colonoscopy? Rarely, colonoscopy can have complications. These could be: Adverse response to the sedative used throughout the examination Haemorrhaging from where a tissue example (biopsy) was taken or a polyp or other uncommon cells was removed A tear in the colon or anus wall (perforation). What are the procedures done during colonoscopy? Biopsies of suspicious lesions Polypectomy Stenting of a stricture Argon laser to stop bleeding Laser treatment of proctitis Removal of a foreign body Screening procedure for colorectal cancer Conclusion: Colonoscopy is a very useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool available to evaluate the colon and rectum. It is never done on the behest of a patient but needs to be recommended by a physician. One should never say no to colonoscopy when recommended.