Cancer Screening

Why Colon Polyps should be removed Immediately?

A colon polyp is a small clump of cells that forms on the cellular lining of the colon. The majority of colon polyps are safe. Over time, some colon polyps can develop right into colon cancer, which is frequently fatal when located in its later stages. Anyone can develop colon polyps. You’re at higher danger if you’re 50 or older, are overweight or a cigarette smoker, or have an individual or family history of colon polyps or colon cancer. Colon polyps often don’t create signs. It’s vital to have normal screening tests such as stool test to detect occult blood or a colonoscopy, since colon polyps discovered in the early stages can normally be removed securely as well as entirely. The most effective avoidance for colon cancer is regular screening for polyps and removing then with colonoscopy. Symptoms and Signs of Colon Polyps Colon polyps often trigger no symptoms. However some people with colon polyps experience: Rectal bleeding Change in colour of stools Change in bowel routines. Colicky abdominal pain Generalized weakness and lethargy Risk factors of colon polyps Age. Many people with colon polyps are 50 or older. Inflammatory digestive tract problems, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s condition. Hereditary. You’re a lot more most likely to develop colon polyps or cancer if you have a parent, sibling or child with them. Race. African-Americans are at higher threat of establishing colon cancer cells. Type 2 diabetes mellitus that isn’t well-controlled. Cigarette and alcohol usage. Weight problems and absence of workout. Genetic problems that create colon polyps include: Lynch syndrome or hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP Gardner’s disorder MYH-associated polyposis (MAP Peutz-Jeghers sundrome Serrated polyposis disorder Also See: Colon Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Complications of colon polyps The deadliest complication is of the polyp turning into cancer. Thus as soon as it is detected it should be removed. Diagnosis of colon polyps Screening tests help us discover these polyps or at time early cancers. The evaluating approaches include: Colonoscopy Virtual colonoscopy (CT colonography Flexible sigmoidoscopy Stool-based tests to look for occult blood. Treatment of colon polyp Most of the polyps are removed when they are detected during colonoscopy. The excision is done in the same sitting or next sitting. The choice of procedure depends on the size, location or number of polyps. These include: Removal with forceps or a wire loop (polypectomy) during colonoscopy Minimally invasive surgical procedure for large polyps which cannot be removed via a colonoscope. Surgery for colon and rectum removal in conditions like FAP Follow-up care for Colon Polyp Removal You’ll require follow-up screenings for polyps. A colonoscopy is suggested after a year and then subsequently 3-5 years later, if no polyp was discovered at one year colonoscopy follow up. The follow up criteria will vary on many factors and the colorectal surgeon is the best person to advice. Salient points about colon polyps

Cancer, Cancer of the Cervix, Cancer Prevention, Cancer Screening, Cervical Cancer

Cervical Cancer Surgery in Chandigarh | Cervical Cancer Screening

Cancer, Cancer of the Cervix, Cancer Prevention, Cancer Screening, Cervical Cancer / kapoorcmc

Cervical Cancer Screening Cervical Cancer Surgery in Chandigarh – Cervical cancer screening tests aid discover cervical cancer at onset. When located early, the possibilities for successfully dealing with the condition are greatest. Ensure you obtain a health check-up annual plan, even if you do not require a screening test. If you’ve had the HPV vaccine, you still require to be evaluated. The screening suggestions listed below apply to the majority of women and have been categorized according to age. Cervical Cancer Screening for ages 21 to 29 Pap test every three years Cervical Cancer Screening for ages 30 to 64 Pap test and also human papillomavirus (HPV) test every 5 years OR Pap examination every three years Cervical Cancer Screening for ages 65 or older No further testing if you’ve had normal Pap or HPV test in past 10 years. Cervical Cancer Screening for ladies who have had a hysterectomy If you’ve have had a hysterectomy, but have not had cervical cancer cells or serious cervical dysplasia, you should speak to your doctor regarding whether you need to continue screening if your hysterectomy consisted of removal of the cervix. Get a Pap examination and HPV examination every five years if your hysterectomy didn’t consist of elimination of the cervix. Cervical Cancer Screening for women at enhanced risk of getting Cervical Cancer You may need to start screening at an earlier age, get extra examinations or be examined more frequently. You’re at raised threat for cervical cancer if you fall under several of these groups. Background of serious cervical dysplasia, which is a pre-cancerous condition Consistent HPV infection after age 30 An immune system that does not function effectively, such as organ transplant receivers and also those taking medications to reduce their immune system Background of human immunodeficiency infection (HIV). Diethylstilbestrol (DES) direct exposure prior to birth. Also See: Rectal Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Cervical Cancer Screening for women who have been treated for cervical cancer earlier These ladies need to be under a surveillance program as drawn up by your surgeon. It is vital one should not ignore this schedule as an early recurrence can be picked up and dealt with. If you have not been provided one such surveillance schedule, please seek it from your surgeon. Details about PAP Test used for Screening for Cervical Cancer A Pap test or smear is a screening test to detect early cervical cancer. The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina. It involves collecting a sample of cells from the cervix from two different spots using a swab or a small brush. It’s done in the OPD Clinic Its discomforting but not painful. it’s done in about five minutes. The sample is sent to the lab in a bottle. Report is usually out within two days Also See Colectomy Surgery in Chandigarh Cervical Cancer Surgery in Chandigarh

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer Screening, Rectal Cancer

Colorectal Cancer Screening and Surveillance for Prevention

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer Screening, Rectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

Colon and rectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer in males and third most common cancer in females in India. Those with a family history of the illness or who have actually had breast, uterine, or ovarian cancer are at a greater threat, as are those who have a history of substantial inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative or Crohn’s colitis. Among the harder aspects of colorectal cancer detection is that, in a lot of cases, the cancers cells or polyps do not initially create any kind of symptoms. The goal is to recognize the possibility for disease as early as feasible, in order to facilitate avoidance or remedy. That’s why testing is so significant; it recognizes whether an asymptomatic person has an illness or condition that could cause cancer. Surveillance, on the other hand, entails screening those with a background of colorectal cancer , or that have actually been identified as being at a higher danger for developing it. Screening for Colorectal Cancer Many people with colon and rectal cancer do not experience any kind of signs and symptoms (consisting of anal blood loss as well as pain in the abdomen) till the cancer is rather progressed– which is why it’s usually described as a “silent” condition. The possibility for a cure is however much lower after signs establish, which is why testing is important. The majority of colorecta cancers begin as polyps (non-cancerous growths). Getting rid of the polyps may lead to stopping the cancer and avoiding the requirement for major surgical procedure. Screening Tests for Colorectal Cancer There are different screening tests that can be carried out. One of the a lot more common tests is called faecal occult blood screening, which includes examining the faeces to detect any kind of blood that might not be visible to the eye. Considering that it only detects cancers as well as polyps that are bleeding at the time of the test, however, faecal occult blood testing is generally used together with other testing methods. Flexible sigmoidoscopy enables your doctor to look straight at the cellular lining of the colon and also rectum. The examination focuses on the cellular lining of the last portion of the colon and anus, where many polyps and cancers cells normally start. Combined with faecal occult blood screening, sigmoidoscopy can find many cancers and also polyps. If an sigmoidoscopy leads to the discovery of a polyp or cancer, or if a person is thought about at a greater risk for having colorectal cancer, after that the physician will likely do a colonoscopy. This treatment permits a full exam of the colorectal cellular lining, in order to diagnose troubles as well as to do biopsies as well as to get rid of polyps. Colonoscopies are typically executed on an outpatient basis. Barium enema, or x-ray of the colon, is an additional treatment made use of to spot big polyps or lumps. It is less exact for smaller sized tumours, and also not quite as effective as a colonoscopy. CT Scan is used in those people, where the suspicion is high but screening tests have not revealed much. When and how often the colorectal cancer screening must be done For people with no determined threats, a digital anal evaluation and screening of the stool for concealed blood are recommended annually beginning at age 40. A colonoscopy should be performed at age 50, or earlier for those with a background of colon cancer in their household. Surveillance for Colorectal Cancer Surveillance is recommended for people in the following risk groups: People who have had any kind of pre-cancerous polyps located as well as surgically removed in the past. A colonoscopy is recommended one to three years after the very first examination. Those with a close loved one (brother or sister, moms and dad, or kid) who has actually had colon cancer or a pre-cancerous polyp. Screening must start at age 40, or five years prior to the age at which the youngest relative was detected. Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer, including close family members as well as across a number of generations. These people should obtain genetic counselling and consider screening for a problem called genetic nonpolyposis intestines cancer. Colonoscopy is advised every 2 years starting in between ages 20 and 30, and also each year after age 40. Individuals with a family history of an acquired disease called familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Counselling and also hereditary screening are advised, to establish if they are carriers for the genetics that triggers the condition. If the gene is spotted, a sigmoidoscopy must be performed every year starting at puberty; if polyposis is present, a total proctocolectomy, which includes removing all the colon and rectum, might be recommended. People with history of colorectal cancer in the past. A total assessment (containing either a colonoscopy is advised within a year after the cancer is initially discovered as well as operatively removed. If exam outcomes are normal, a follow-up test must be carried out within 3 years. People with a background of extensive inflammatory bowel tract disease for a minimum of eight years. A colonoscopy is recommended each to two years. Ladies with a personal history of breast, ovary, or uterine cancer. These people have a 15% lifetime risk of developing colon cancer, as well as should go through a colonoscopy testing every five years, starting at age 40.

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer, Diagnostic Procedures, Rectal Cancer

When do I Need a Colonoscopy

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer, Diagnostic Procedures, Rectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

What is Colonoscopy? A colonoscopy is a test utilized to find lesions or irregularities in the large intestinal tract (colon) and anus. Throughout a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube (colonoscope) is placed right into the colon. A tiny camera at the tip of the tube allows the physician to watch the whole colon. Why is Colonoscopy done? Colonoscopy is done for many purposes. It is used to investigate intestinal tract signs and symptoms. A few are listed below: Rectal bleeding Persistent constipation Chronic Diarrhoea Rectal Cancer Colon Cancer Screening for colon cancer Follow-up colonoscopy How does one prepare for Colonoscopy? After the appointment and prior to a colonoscopy, you’ll require to clear out (empty) your colon. One is not to eat solid food the day prior to the examination. Drinks may be restricted to clear fluids– ordinary water, tea and coffee without milk or just a touch of it, broth, and also carbonated beverages. Avoid red fluids, which can be confused with blood throughout the colonoscopy. You are not to consume anything after midnight before the test. Your medical professional will generally advise taking a laxative, in either tablet form or fluid kind. You might be instructed to take the laxative the night prior to your colonoscopy, or you may be asked to utilize the laxative both the evening before as well as the morning of the procedure. Sometimes, you may require to make use of a non-prescription enema package– either the evening before the exam or a few hrs prior to the exam– to empty your colon. Typically it is not recommended as a key way of clearing your colon. Details of the colonoscopy procedure Consent is taken. Risks are explained during consenting. Sedation is normally suggested. Moderate sedative is given as an injection You’ll lie on your side on the table, typically with your knees drawn towards your upper body. The physician will insert a colonoscope right into your anus and do the procedure. When the scope is moved or air/co2 is introduced, you might really feel abdominal cramping or need to have a defecation. The colonoscope likewise has a tiny video camera at its tip. The video camera sends out video to an exterior monitor to ensure that the doctor can study the inside of your colon. If there is a need, tissue samples (biopsies) are taken or polyp is excised to biopsy it. A colonoscopy generally takes around 30 to 60 mins. When can I completely recover after colonoscopy? After the test, it takes an hour to begin to recover from the sedative. You’ll need someone to take you residence because it can take up to a day for the full effects of the sedative to wear off. Don’t drive or make essential decisions or go back to work for the rest of the day. If your physician got rid of a polyp during your colonoscopy, you may be advised to consume an unique diet regimen briefly. You may feel puffed up or pass gas for a couple of hrs after the examination. Strolling might help soothe any type of pain. You may likewise discover a small amount of blood with your very first defecation after the exam. Usually this isn’t peril. Consult your doctor if you continue to pass blood or blood clots or if you have persistent stomach pain or a fever. What is a negative result? A colonoscopy is considered negative if the doctor doesn’t discover any problems in the colon. Your physician may recommend that you have another colonoscopy: • In 10 years, if you have no colon cancer risk elements other than age.• In 5 years, if you have a history of polyps in previous colonoscopy treatments.• In one year, if there was residual faces in the colon that avoided full evaluation of your colon.• If there is a positive result. What is a positive result? A colonoscopy is considered positive if the physician finds any type of polyps or unusual tissue in the colon. Most polyps aren’t cancerous, but some can be precancerous. Polyps are removed during same colonoscopy or in a new session; excised polyps are sent out to a laboratory for evaluation to determine whether they are malignant, precancerous or noncancerous. Depending on the size and number of polyps, you might require to comply with an extra strenuous monitoring routine in the future to try to find even more polyps. Another colonoscopy is advised if: • More than two polyps.• A large polyp– larger than 0.4 inch (1 centimeter).• Polyps as well as also residual stool in the colon that protects against full exam of the colon.• Polyps with specific cell attributes that suggest a greater danger of future cancer.• Malignant polyps. Difficult colonoscopy Sometimes the procedure is not completed because of lot of faecal matter. pain or difficulty in negotiating the entire length of the colon. A repeat colonoscopy in a shorter time is recommended. If your doctor wasn’t able to advance the extent of entire colon, a barium enema or virtual colonoscopy might be suggested to check out the rest of your colon. What are the risks of colonoscopy? Rarely, colonoscopy can have complications. These could be: Adverse response to the sedative used throughout the examination Haemorrhaging from where a tissue example (biopsy) was taken or a polyp or other uncommon cells was removed A tear in the colon or anus wall (perforation). What are the procedures done during colonoscopy? Biopsies of suspicious lesions Polypectomy Stenting of a stricture Argon laser to stop bleeding Laser treatment of proctitis Removal of a foreign body Screening procedure for colorectal cancer To understand how the procedure is performed, its preparation, and what to expect, you can explore our detailed guide on colonoscopy. Conclusion: Colonoscopy is a very useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool available to evaluate the colon and rectum. It is never done on the behest of a patient but needs to be recommended by a physician. One should never say no to colonoscopy when recommended.

Cancer, Cancer Screening, General Surgery

Screening Tests for Cancer

Cancer, Cancer Screening, General Surgery / kapoorcmc

Early Diagnosis gives better chances of Cure for Cancer. Cancer is very common these days and the outcomes may not be favourable if diagnosed late. Cancers treatments can be successful if the cancer is detected early or is stage 1. How can we make sure that cancers are not detected late. Each cancers starts of as very small and thus a test or a combination of tests may detect the cancer at a very early stage. Not all cancers can be detected early, but a few common ones can be picked up early. Thus if we follow a screening program, then we can identify and treat these early cancers with very good outcomes. Each sort of cancer has its own screening tests. Some kinds of cancer presently do not have an efficient screening approach. Creating new cancer cells screening tests is a location of active research. In this article I have listed a few tests, which if done annually can help in the early screening for these cancers. Read on. Breast cancer Breast self-examination: Throughout this exam, a woman looks and feels for changes in her own breast. This has to be done on a monthly basis on a fixed date. If she notices any changes, she needs to see a medical professional. Clinical breast assessment: A physician looks for any type of changes in the breast’s dimension or form. The examiner also tries to find changes in the skin of the breasts and also nipples. Mammography: Mammography is a kind of x-ray especially developed to check out the breast. The pictures generated by mammography can show tumours or irregularities in the breast. These images are called mammograms. Cervical cancer Pap test: This examination utilizes cells from the beyond a lady’s cervix. A pathologist then determines any kind of precancerous or malignant cells. A Pap examination might be incorporated with HPV testing. Human papillomavirus (HPV) screening: Cells are scraped from the outside of a female’s cervix. These cells are evaluated for specific strains of HPV. Some strains of HPV are much more highly connected to an increased threat of cervical cancer. This examination may be done alone or incorporated with a Pap test. An HPV test may also be done on an sample of cells from a female’s vaginal area that she can collect herself. Colon and Rectal cancer Fecal occult blood test (FOBT): This test discovers blood in the faeces, which can be a sign of polyps or cancer cells. Stool examination is required for this and this test should be done annually. If stools contain occult blood, then colonoscopy is required. Colonoscopy. Throughout this procedure, the medical professional inserts a flexible, lighted tube called a colonoscope into the anus. The medical professional has the ability to examine the whole colon for polyps or cancer. Another added advantage of stool occult blood is that it can even help pick up small gastro-intestinal cancers like cancer of the oesophagus, stomach or other parts of the small intestine. Prostate cancer Digital rectal evaluation (DRE): A DRE is an examination in which the doctor inserts a gloved moisturized finger into a guy’s rectum and also feels the surface area of the prostate for any type of irregularities. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) examination. This blood test determines the degree of a compound called PSA. PSA is usually discovered at higher-than-normal degrees in men with prostate cancer But a high PSA level may likewise be a sign of conditions that are not malignant. Lung cancer X-Ray or Low-dose helical or spiral computed tomography (CT or CAT) check. A CT check takes x-rays of the within the body from various angles. A computer system then combines these images right into a thorough, 3-dimensional image that reveals any kind of problems or tumours. High risk population especially smokers and their families can be screened for lung cancer. ST Scan is expensive, but Xray is cheap. However, CT Scan is more efficient. These have to be done annually. Annual Medical Check-up Getting oneself checked annually may be the another best alternative to pick up any irregularity in the body. This check-up should definitely have the above mentioned tests. Conclusion: Screening tests can help doctors locate a cancer at an earlier, a lot more treatable stage. This helps enhance survival. However, cancers can still be missed even with these tests. However, the overall advantage far outweighs the occasional missing out of a diagnosis or even overdiagnosis rarely. I will write about some warning symptoms, which could be due to early cancer and if ignored can lead to a delay in the management with the cancer advancing.

Why Colon Polyps should be removed Immediately?

Cervical Cancer Surgery in Chandigarh | Cervical Cancer Screening

Colorectal Cancer Screening and Surveillance for Prevention

When do I Need a Colonoscopy

Screening Tests for Cancer

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