Colon. Cancer

Colon Cancer Patient Story
Colon. Cancer

Real Colon Cancer Patient Story: Early Detection to Complete Recovery

Mr. Khanna’s story began with two signs that should never be ignored—persistent abdominal pain and blood in the stool. These symptoms are common in many conditions, but they are also early warning signs of colorectal cancer. His doctor advised immediate tests, including a CT scan and then a colonoscopy. The colonoscopy showed a growth in the right side of the colon that looked cancerous. He met me soon after. I explained that colon cancer often starts as a small polyp that slowly grows over years. Many people have no symptoms until the tumour becomes large. In Mr. Khanna’s case, the safest and most effective treatment was surgery. He underwent a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, which is the standard operation for cancers on the right side of the colon. In this procedure, the part of the bowel containing the tumour is removed, along with the blood vessels and lymph nodes that drain that area. This is important because cancer cells can travel through these channels. We removed around 30 lymph nodes, which gave us a clear picture of how far the disease had spread. Laparoscopic surgery, done through small cuts, usually means less pain, quicker recovery, and faster return to normal activity. Mr. Khanna recovered well and went home in five days. Thirteen days later, the final pathology report came. The cancer had been completely removed with clear margins, meaning no cancer cells were left behind at the edges. All his lymph nodes were negative for cancer. This placed him in Stage II colon cancer. However, the tumour had reached the outer layer of the bowel wall, known as the serosa. When a tumour grows this deep, there is a higher chance—though still small—of cancer cells escaping into the bloodstream. Because of this “high-risk” feature, chemotherapy was advised to lower the risk of the cancer returning. He had a chemo port inserted in his chest. Chemotherapy for colon cancer usually involves drugs like oxaliplatin and capecitabine/5-FU, given over three months in Stage II high-risk cases. These medicines target any microscopic cancer cells that surgery cannot see. The first few cycles went as expected—tiredness, nausea, changes in taste. After the third cycle, he developed fever and a rash. Tests showed herpes zoster (shingles), an infection that can occur when immunity is low during chemotherapy. He was treated with antiviral medication, recovered fully, and safely completed the rest of his chemotherapy. Today, Mr. Khanna has finished treatment and is doing well. For colon cancer survivors, follow-up care is very important. His plan includes: • Blood tests, including CEA (a tumour marker) • Periodic CT scans to check the abdomen and chest • Regular colonoscopies to detect new polyps early • Lifestyle advice—healthy diet, regular exercise, weight control, and avoiding smoking His story shows how colon cancer is diagnosed and treated today. Early symptoms may be mild. Early surgery, when possible, offers the best chance of cure. Chemotherapy adds extra protection when the tumour shows high-risk features. By sharing his journey, we hope people understand the importance of recognising symptoms, seeking medical help early, and trusting modern treatment pathways. With timely care, most patients with early-stage colon cancer can expect excellent long-term outcomes and a full return to normal life.

colon cancer prevention
Colon. Cancer

Lifestyle, Microbiome & Prevention: How Modifiable Factors Are Shaping Colon Cancer Risk

Colon cancer (colorectal cancer) is not only influenced by genetics and age—it is deeply linked to lifestyle, diet, and gut health. While medical advances are improving treatment, the best way to save lives is still prevention. Recent research in 2025 underscores how diet, physical activity, and microbiome health directly impact colon cancer risk and recurrence. Diet: The Protective Power of Nutrients A new Italian study (2025) found that diets high in beta-carotenoid and carotenoid-rich foods (like carrots, spinach, pumpkin, tomatoes) can reduce colon cancer risk by up to 40%. Diets rich in fiber, whole grains, and plant-based foods support healthy digestion and reduce cancer-promoting inflammation. Conversely, red meat, processed meat, and sugary beverages are consistently linked with higher colorectal cancer risk. Takeaway: A colorful, plant-rich plate is one of the simplest ways to fight colon cancer naturally. Exercise: Fighting Recurrence & Improving Survival A major 3-year randomized trial showed that colon cancer survivors who participated in a structured exercise program had 28% fewer recurrences and 37% fewer deaths compared to those who did not exercise. Regular physical activity improves immune function, maintains body weight, and lowers insulin resistance—all protective against cancer. Practical tip: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly, such as brisk walking, swimming, or yoga. Microbiome: The Gut–Cancer Connection The gut microbiome plays a central role in regulating inflammation, immunity, and metabolism. Certain bacterial toxins, such as colibactin produced by some E. coli strains, are linked with DNA damage and early-onset colorectal cancer. Maintaining a balanced gut flora through fiber, probiotics, and reduced processed foods may lower cancer risk. This field is still evolving, but the “gut–colon axis” is emerging as a major area for cancer prevention research. Emerging Preventive Strategies Colon-targeted drug delivery systems (e.g., nanoparticle formulations of 5-FU developed in India) promise reduced side effects and improved treatment outcomes. Chemoprevention trials are investigating vitamins, aspirin, and natural compounds for high-risk individuals. Precision prevention through genetic and microbiome profiling may soon allow tailored recommendations for each person. Conclusion Colon cancer risk is not set in stone. By embracing healthy diet choices, regular exercise, and supporting gut health, individuals can significantly lower their risk of developing colorectal cancer—or recurrence after treatment. For expert consultation and preventive guidance, Dr. Rajeev Kapoor, a renowned colorectal cancer surgeon in Mohali, India, provides comprehensive care, from lifestyle counseling to advanced surgical and oncological treatments.

Therapeutic Options in Colon Cancer
Colon. Cancer

Therapeutic Frontiers in Colon Cancer: What’s New in 2025

Treatment for colon cancer (colorectal cancer) is undergoing a major transformation. Once dominated by surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation, the field has now expanded into immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and precision medicine guided by genetic and molecular insights. In 2025, several breakthrough clinical trials have set the stage for a new era in colorectal cancer care. Immunotherapy: A Game-Changer for MSI-High Tumors MSI-High (Microsatellite Instability-High) and dMMR (deficient DNA mismatch repair) tumors respond exceptionally well to immunotherapy.  The ipilimumab + nivolumab combination is now approved as first-line treatment for advanced MSI-High colon cancers.  Studies show durable responses, with many patients experiencing long-term remission.  This marks a paradigm shift: for the right patients, chemotherapy is no longer the first choice. Targeted Therapy: Precision Against Mutations The BREAKWATER trial (2025) confirmed that combining encorafenib + cetuximab + mFOLFOX6 significantly improves survival in BRAF V600E–mutant metastatic colorectal cancer.  EGFR inhibitors (cetuximab, panitumumab) continue to benefit patients with RAS wild-type tumors, but resistance remains a challenge.  Ongoing research focuses on HER2-positive colon cancers, with promising results from anti-HER2 agents in clinical trials.  ctDNA: Guiding Post-Surgery Decisions Traditionally, many stage II and III colon cancer patients receive chemotherapy after surgery.  ctDNA (circulating tumor DNA) tests now help decide who really needs chemotherapy.  The DYNAMIC-III trial demonstrated that patients without ctDNA after surgery can safely avoid chemotherapy—reducing toxicity without compromising outcomes.  This approach is now being integrated into treatment planning worldwide. Novel Combinations & Ongoing Trials ATOMIC Trial: Showed that adding atezolizumab (Tecentriq) to chemotherapy reduced recurrence risk by almost 50% in stage III dMMR colon cancer.  TRIPLETE Trial: Testing intensified chemotherapy combinations for higher response rates.  Next-generation immunotherapies (bispecific antibodies, CAR-T like approaches) are in early-stage trials for metastatic CRC.  Challenges That Remain Tumor heterogeneity means not all patients respond equally to new therapies.  Resistance mechanisms often develop with targeted therapy.  High costs and accessibility remain barriers, especially in developing nations like India.  Conclusion The year 2025 represents a turning point in colon cancer therapy. With immunotherapy, targeted agents, and ctDNA-guided strategies, patients now have more personalized, effective, and less toxic treatment options. For expert evaluation and access to advanced treatments, Dr. Rajeev Kapoor, a leading colorectal cancer surgeon in Mohali, India, offers comprehensive care—combining surgical expertise with the latest in targeted and immunotherapy approaches.

colorectal cancer surgeon in Mohali, India
Colon. Cancer

From Blood to Bytes: Innovations in Early Detection of Colon Cancer

Early detection is the most powerful tool in the fight against colon cancer (colorectal cancer). Traditionally, colonoscopy has been the gold standard for screening. But in 2025, medical science is taking bold strides with blood-based diagnostics, AI-powered imaging, and precision biomarkers. These innovations aim to make colon cancer detection earlier, easier, and more accurate, especially for patients who avoid invasive procedures. Liquid Biopsy: A Simple Blood Test One of the most exciting breakthroughs is the FDA-approved blood test “Shield” for average-risk individuals. Detects fragments of tumor DNA (circulating tumor DNA or ctDNA) in blood.  Provides a non-invasive option for people unwilling or unable to undergo colonoscopy.  Enhances compliance in population-based screening programs.  This innovation could revolutionize colorectal cancer screening in India, where awareness and accessibility to colonoscopy remain limited. ctDNA for Treatment Decisions Beyond detection, ctDNA tests are now helping doctors personalize treatment: After surgery, ctDNA can indicate if microscopic cancer cells remain.  Trials such as DYNAMIC-III show ctDNA can guide whether patients truly need chemotherapy after surgery, sparing many from unnecessary toxicity.  In advanced disease, ctDNA also helps track resistance to therapy in real time.  Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Colon Cancer AI is rapidly entering the field of colorectal cancer: Histopathology: New models like hybrid graph-transformers can classify colon cancer tissue with high accuracy.  Colonoscopy assistance: AI tools flag polyps and lesions during endoscopy, reducing human error.  Multimodal systems: Platforms like ColonScopeX combine blood signals, patient history, and explainable AI to predict colon cancer risk with high precision.  These innovations promise earlier diagnosis, fewer missed lesions, and better patient outcomes. Next-Generation Technologies Nanotechnology: Indian researchers are exploring nanoparticle-based systems that deliver chemotherapy drugs directly to the colon, improving effectiveness and reducing side effects.  Spatial molecular imaging: Provides deeper insights into tumor microenvironments, paving the way for highly targeted prevention and therapy.  Wearable biosensors: Emerging research hints at stool/blood sensors that could track early biomarkers of colon cancer at home.  Conclusion From blood tests to AI-powered diagnostics, the landscape of colon cancer detection is changing rapidly. These tools hold the potential to save countless lives by catching cancers earlier, when treatments are most effective. For patients seeking advanced care, Dr. Rajeev Kapoor, a renowned colorectal cancer surgeon in Mohali, India, offers cutting-edge screening and surgical expertise, ensuring access to world-class treatment close to home.  

Rising Tide: Early-Onset Colon Cance
Colon. Cancer

Rising Tide: Early-Onset Colon Cancer & What’s Fueling It

Introduction Colon cancer, also called colorectal cancer, has traditionally been considered a disease of older adults. However, recent studies and cancer registries reveal a worrying trend: rising cases of colon cancer in younger adults under the age of 50. This phenomenon, known as early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC), is now a growing global concern and demands greater awareness among both patients and healthcare providers. The Alarming Trend Data published in international cancer journals shows a steady increase in early-onset colon cancer cases over the last two decades. In India too, oncologists are witnessing a similar trend where younger patients are presenting with advanced colorectal cancer, often due to delayed detection. Unlike older patients, younger adults are less likely to be screened, which means cancers are often caught late. Possible Causes of Early-Onset Colon Cancer While research is ongoing, several risk factors are emerging as possible drivers: Dietary changes: High consumption of ultra-processed foods, red meat, and sugary drinks may play a role. Gut microbiome imbalance: Disruption in healthy gut bacteria and exposure to bacterial toxins (like colibactin from certain E. coli) may cause genetic mutations. Obesity and sedentary lifestyle: Increasing rates of obesity in younger people are linked with higher colon cancer risk. Genetics & family history: Inherited syndromes like Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis significantly increase risk. Environmental exposures: Early-life exposure to carcinogens, lifestyle stress, and reduced fiber intake are also being studied. Warning Signs That Should Not Be Ignored One of the biggest challenges with early-onset colorectal cancer is that symptoms are often dismissed as minor digestive issues. Here are some red-flag symptoms to watch for: Persistent change in bowel habits (constipation/diarrhea) Blood in stool (even small amounts should not be ignored) Unexplained abdominal pain or cramping Fatigue and iron-deficiency anemia Unexplained weight loss If these symptoms persist, it is important to consult a colorectal cancer specialist immediately. Rethinking Screening Guidelines Traditionally, colon cancer screening (via colonoscopy or stool tests) was recommended starting at age 50. However, with the rise of EO-CRC, many global health bodies are now recommending starting screening at age 45 for average-risk individuals, and even earlier for those with family history or genetic predisposition. India too must adapt screening strategies to identify at-risk younger populations early. Prevention & Awareness Adopting a high-fiber diet (fruits, vegetables, whole grains) Regular exercise and maintaining healthy weight Avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol consumption Being aware of family history and genetic risk factors Seeking timely medical advice for persistent digestive symptoms Conclusion The rise in early-onset colon cancer is a wake-up call for both medical professionals and the general population. Awareness, lifestyle modification, and earlier screening are crucial to tackling this alarming trend. For patients seeking expert care, Dr. Rajeev Kapoor, a renowned colorectal cancer surgeon in Mohali, India, offers advanced diagnosis and surgical treatment options for colon cancer, ensuring world-class care with compassionate expertise.  

Colon Cancer
Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer

Latest Surgical Management of Left Colon Cancer

Latest Surgical Management of Left Colon Cancer: Techniques And Considerations Left-sided colon cancer, which includes malignancies in the sigmoid colon and the descending colon, is a prevalent condition that often requires surgical intervention as part of its treatment. Over the years, surgical techniques and approaches for left colon cancer have evolved significantly, leading to improved outcomes and quality of life for patients. We discuss all about surgical management of left colon cancer, including key procedures and considerations.  Surgical Approaches Several surgical approaches can be employed for the management of left colon cancer, with the choice depending on factors such as tumor size, location, and the patient’s overall health. The most common surgical procedures include: Left Hemicolectomy: This procedure involves the removal of the affected part of the left colon, along with the associated lymph nodes. The remaining healthy colon is then reconnected (anastomosed) to ensure the continuity of the digestive tract. Sigmoid Colectomy: Sigmoid colectomy focuses on the removal of the sigmoid colon, which is the S-shaped portion of the colon located just above the rectum. Similar to left hemicolectomy, it may involve reconnection of the remaining colon. High Anterior Resection (HAR): HAR is a more extensive procedure that removes not only the sigmoid colon but also a portion of the upper rectum. This procedure is often necessary when the tumor is closer to the rectum. Colostomy: In some cases, when it is not possible to re-establish continuity in the colon due to factors like tumor location or patient health, a colostomy may be performed. During this procedure, the colon is diverted to an opening in the abdominal wall (stoma), and a colostomy bag collects waste. A Few Important Facts Preoperative Assessment: A thorough evaluation of the patient’s overall health is essential before surgery. This includes assessing cardiac and pulmonary function, nutritional status, and any comorbidities that may affect the surgery’s outcome.  Bowel Preparation: Patients may be required to undergo bowel preparation before surgery, which involves cleaning out the colon to reduce the risk of infection.  Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery: Minimally invasive approaches, such as laparoscopic and robotic-assisted surgery, have become increasingly popular for left colon cancer. These techniques offer smaller incisions, reduced postoperative pain, quicker recovery, and shorter hospital stays compared to traditional open surgery. Lymph Node Dissection: Adequate removal of regional lymph nodes is crucial for staging and to prevent cancer recurrence. Surgeons meticulously dissect lymph nodes in the affected area during the procedure. Stoma Care: For patients who undergo colostomy, education on stoma care is essential. This includes learning how to change the colostomy bag and manage potential complications. Postoperative Recovery: The recovery process after surgery typically involves pain management, dietary adjustments, and early ambulation to prevent complications like blood clots and pneumonia. Outcomes And Prognosis The prognosis for left colon cancer largely depends on factors such as the stage at diagnosis, tumor size, and the success of surgical intervention. Early-stage cancers that are completely removed through surgery often lead to excellent long-term outcomes. However, advanced-stage cancers may require additional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Conclusion Surgery remains a cornerstone in the management of left colon cancer. With advancements in surgical techniques, increased utilization of minimally invasive approaches, and a focus on personalized care, patients diagnosed with left colon cancer can look forward to improved survival rates and a better quality of life. Close collaboration between surgeons, oncologists, and other healthcare professionals is vital in ensuring optimal outcomes for individuals facing this challenging condition. Also Read: Robotic assisted Right Hemicolectomy – Advancements in Minimally Invasive Surgery for Colon Cancer Surgical Option for Right Colon Cancer – Right Hemicolectomy Understanding Right Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options

Surgery for colon cancer
Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

Surgery for colon cancer: Best option for you

Surgical treatment is the most usual treatment for colon cancer and also might range from minimally invasive, such as excising a polyp throughout a colonoscopy, to, in rare instances, getting rid of the whole colon. Many surgeries for colon and rectal cancer  involve getting rid of cancer, the section of the colon in which the cancer was found, surrounding normal tissue as well as close-by lymph nodes. This is the basic principle used for all cancer surgeries of colon and rectum irrespective of whether open or minimally invasive surgical procedure is used. People may get chemotherapy treatment and/or radiation treatment before and/or after surgical procedure for rectal cancer. These adjuvant therapies may help diminish tumours prior to they are surgically gotten rid of and are intended to target cancer cells that may continue to be after surgical treatment. Such a choice will depend on the clinical staging of the cancer   Local excision and polypectomy If colon or rectal polyp or cancer is found at an early stage, it can be removed, with a colonoscope. It is a excision that does not need puncturing the abdominal wall. If the excision includes the removal of a polyp, the treatment is called a polypectomy. This is also used to remove pre malignant lesions and thus need for surgery is avoided. During these procedures, a physician accesses the colon or rectum with a colonoscope as well as a connected cutting tools used to remove the polyps or unusual cells. If a polyp or location of uncommon cells cannot be excised through these treatments, laparoscopic or open surgery may be needed. Colectomy: Total or Hemicolectomy A colectomy is the removal of all or part of the colon. The resection might be carried out as a less intrusive laparoscopic colectomy. If open surgery is needed, a lengthy incision in the abdomen might be required. With open surgery, patients will remain in the hospital for a week or more and might have a longer period of recovery. Early discharge is possible with laparoscopic or open surgery. Laparoscopic surgery for Colon Cancer Colorectal surgeon will carry out a laparoscopic colectomy to get rid of the malignant part of the colon and also neighbouring lymph nodes, and afterwards reattach the healthy ends of the colon. A laparoscopic colectomy may result in less pain, a shorter stay in the health centre and also a speedier recovery. With a laparoscopic colectomy, about 4 to 5 tiny lacerations are made around the abdomen. The medical oncologist after that inserts a laparoscope, a thin tube outfitted with a small video camera that projects photos of the within the abdominal area on a nearby screen. The colorectal surgeon after that inserts tools via these small cuts to do the surgery. Types of Colectomy used for Colon Cancer The type will depend upon the location and extent of the tumour. This will also depend on the number of tumours found in the colon. Based on above these could be: Total Colectomy Subtotal Colectomy Right Hemicolectomy Right Extended Hemicolectomy Left Hemicolectomy High Anterior Resection Sigmoid Colectomy Proctocolectomy Colostomy for colon cancer A colostomy may be needed, relying on the kind as well as degree of the colon surgical treatment carried out. During this procedure, the colon is linked to a hole in the abdomen (called a stoma) to draw away faeces from a damaged or surgically fixed part of the colon or anus. Some colostomies may be reversed as soon as the repaired tissue heals. Various other colostomies are irreversible, as well as the stoma is affixed to a colostomy bag that accumulates waste. These are called permanent colostomies and are used for very low rectal cancer which is near the anus and the sphincters are involved. Proctectomy A proctectomy is used to get rid of all or part of the rectum. A low-anterior resection entails the removal of rectum for cancer located in the top part of the rectum, which is closest to the S-shaped sigmoid colon. Some surrounding healthy rectal tissue may likewise be eliminated, in addition to nearby lymph nodes and also fatty tissue. This surgery involves a joint made with special staplers and the colostomy used is temporary. A pathologist will analyse the lymph nodes to identify if cancer cells are present. This will certainly aid physicians identify the stage of the disease and also whether chemotherapy and or radiotherapy is required. After the cancerous section of the rectum is eliminated, the colorectal oncologist links the sigmoid colon with the remaining healthy part of the rectum below the cancer. This allows waste to pass typically out of the body through the anus, once the temporary stoma is removed. Abdominoperineal resection (APR) is made use of to deal with cancer in the lower rectum. Since this treatment needs removal of the cancerous section of the lower anus nearest the anus, some or every one of the anal sphincter is likewise gotten rid of. The sphincter is a muscle that maintains the anus shut and protects against stool leak. Since the sphincter is in charge of digestive tract control, the colorectal surgeon additionally carries out a colostomy to enable the body to secrete waste. Laparoscopic or Robotic Surgery for rectal cancers All kind of proctectomies in including APR are also done by these procedures. Robotic surgery gives an edge over laparoscopic surgery as it has better magnification and is more precise in limited spaces. However open surgery may be required for larger or fixed tumours of the rectum. HIPEC for Colon Cancer Hyperthermic intraperitoneal radiation treatment (HIPEC) is an extremely focused, warmed chemotherapy therapy that is supplied directly to the abdominal area throughout surgery. Unlike systemic radiation treatment distribution, which distributes throughout the body, HIPEC may supply chemotherapy directly to cancer cells in the abdomen. This allows for higher dosages of chemotherapy therapy. HIPEC might be especially practical for people with colon cancer or rectal tumours that have not involved organs such as the liver or lungs, or to lymph nodes outside

Stage 4 Colon Cancer: Now There is Hope with Treatment
Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

Stage 4 Colon Cancer: Now There is Hope with Treatment

Colon cancer is the 3rd most commonly identified cancer in both males as well as females in the world. In India, 4.4 people per lac get colon cancer and thus almost 60,000 people get colon cancer each year or 157 new colon cancers are diagnosed every day. Overall 5 years survival rates are 14 to 19%; however 5 year survival rates for patients with stage 4 colon cancer that metastasize to liver and had removal of liver metastases at the same time as colon surgery improved up to 70%, which is a huge survival advantage. Stage 4 colon cancer is late-stage cancer in which the disease has actually spread to other tissues or body organs in the body and also is, as a result, harder to treat. Treatment may just be partly successful, and also cancer may be more likely to return after treatment. Colon cancer usually infects the liver, however it can also infect other locations like the lungs, brain, peritoneum, or to distant lymph nodes. Surgery followed by chemotherapy for stage 4 colon cancer If there are only a couple of small locations of cancer spread (metastases) in the liver or lungs and they can be removed along with the colon cancer, surgery will give the best results. Colon surgery along with removal of a part of the liver or lung containing the cancer  procedure may give better results and helps one live longer. Surgery will be followed by appropriate chemotherapy. It’s very crucial to understand the goal of the surgery ─ whether it’s to try to heal the cancer or to avoid or alleviate signs and symptoms of the cancer. This aspect has to be clearly understood, if one has stage 4 colon cancer. Chemotherapy for stage 4 colon cancer followed by surgery and further chemotherapy If the metastases cannot be eliminated because they’re too big or there are as well several of them, chemotherapy may be given before surgery (neoadjuvant chemo). Chemo may be offered once more after surgical treatment. A lot of patients respond very well to this combination management plan. At times, the secondary tumours will disappear outright and thus the surgical procedure does become simpler and yields better results. Chemotherapy for colon cancer If the cancer spread excessive and widespread, one will not attempt to treat it with surgical procedure; chemotherapy is the main therapy in these situations. Surgical procedure might still be required if the cancer  is blocking the colon or is most likely to do so; this is called colon obstruction or large intestinal obstruction. Chemotherapy remains the backbone of management in these situations. Stage 4 colon cancer with intestinal obstruction Sometimes, a surgical procedure can be avoided by putting a stent (a hollow steel tube) right into the colon where the cancer is, during a colonoscopy, to keep it open. Otherwise, operations such as a colectomy or diverting colostomy (cutting the colon above the level of the cancer, bringing it out and affixing the end to an opening in the skin on the  belly to enable waste to be collected in a bag). This is called a colostomy or an ileostomy; these are also called diversion stomas. Chemotherapy or targeted therapy or both for stage 4 colon cancer Most people with phase IV cancer cells will certainly obtain chemo and/or targeted therapies to regulate the cancer cells. A few of the most typically regimens include: FOLFOX: leucovorin, 5-FU, and also oxaliplatin. FOLFIRI: leucovorin, 5-FU, as well as irinotecan. CAPEOX or CAPOX: capecitabine (Xeloda) and oxaliplatin. FOLFOXIRI: leucovorin, 5-FU, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan. One of the above mixes plus either a drug that targets VEGF, (bevacizumab [Avastin], ziv-aflibercept, or ramucirumab, or a drug that targets EGFR (cetuximab [Erbitux] or panitumumab. 5-FU and leucovorin, with or without a targeted medication. Capecitabine, with or without a targeted medicine. Irinotecan, with or without a targeted medicine. Cetuximab alone. Panitumumab alone. Regorafenib  alone. The option of regimen to be used depends upon a number of aspects, including previous therapies you’ve had and also your overall wellness. At times one has to toggle these combinations depending upon the effectiveness of these medications. Radiotherapy for stage 4 colon cancer Radiation treatment can also be made use of to relieve signs and symptoms in the colon from the cancer such as pain. It could additionally be used to treat locations of spread such as in the lungs or bone. It may reduce tumours for a while, but it’s not most likely to treat the cancer. Outcomes after treatment of stage 4 colon cancer Thus, we can safely say that the 5 year survival rates for colon cancer range between 14% to up to 70%. The success of specific treatment approaches may differ among individuals, with treatments successful for some individuals having little effect in others. Additionally, specialists base these statistics on previous cases. As treatments often tend to get better gradually, survival rates may be more reliable and better as improved treatments become available. Specific factors can likewise play a significant function in a person’s outcome. For instance, the age as well as general wellness of a person might influence their responsiveness to therapy. Recap for Stage 4 Colon Cancer

Second Cancer After Colon Cancer: Survivors need to be careful
Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

Second Cancer After Colon Cancer: Survivors need to be careful

Colon cancer survivors can have a number of unrelated illnesses, yet usually a major concern is encountering cancer once again. Cancer that returns after therapy is called a recurrence. Some colon cancer survivors get a new unrelated cancer later in life. This is called a second cancer and has to be treated according to its own merit. They could be at greater risk for certain other types of cancer.   Individuals that have had colon cancer can get any sort of second cancer , but they have an enhanced risk of the following cancers as observed: A new colon cancer which is different from the first cancer coming back Rectal cancer Uterine cancer Anal cancer Oral cavity cancer Stomach cancer Small intestine cancer Kidney cancer Bile duct cancer Reason for second cancer after Colon Cancer The increased threat with a few of these cancers might be due to common threat aspects, such as diet, obesity, as well as exercise. Genes may likewise be an element. People with Lynch disorder (genetic non-polyposis intestines cancer cells) have actually an increased risk of many of these cancers. Follow-up after colon cancer surgery After finishing therapy for colon cancer, you should still see your physician regularly to try to find indications that cancer has actually returned or spread out. Survivors of colon cancer must additionally comply with the Screening Guidelines for the Early Detection of Cancer, such as those for breast, cervical, lung, as well as prostate cancer. For individuals who have actually had colon cancer , most experts don’t advise any extra screening to try to find second cancers unless one has symptoms. One possible exemption is in women that had colon cancer as a result of having Lynch disorder, as these women are likewise at raised threat for endometrial and also some other cancers. If you have Lynch disorder or one or more acquired syndrome, it’s important to talk to your doctor regarding your dangers. Can I decrease my danger of getting a second cancer? There are actions you can take to reduce your risk and stay as healthy and eat balanced diet as feasible. For example, people who have had intestines cancer cells ought to do their finest to stay away from tobacco items. Smoking cigarettes may even more enhance the risk of a few of the second cancers that are extra common after intestines cancer. To aid keep good wellness, colon cancer survivors need to: Get to and remain at a healthy and balanced weight. Be energetic Follow a healthy eating pattern that consists of plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and restrictions or stays clear of red and processed meats, sweet drinks, as well as processed foods. It’s best not to drink alcohol. If you do drink, have no more than 1 beverage each day for ladies or 2 per day for men. Dr. Rajeev Kapoor is the best colon cancer surgeon in Chandigarh. If you diagnosed with colon cancer, make an appointment today!

Survivor Story: Colon Cancer Surgery – During and After
Cancer, Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Colorectal Surgery, Survivor story

Survivor Story: Colon Cancer Surgery – During and After

This is a story of one of my patient about her fight with colon cancer. She wanted to write and I encouraged her to put her experience in words. She did so, but decided that she wanted her name be changed. It all began in 2016. Sonia, a 46-year-old, mom of a then 20 year old was working full time awakened with what she assumed was a stomach ache that just didn’t want to disappear. Throughout the day it seemed to get worse and by that night she could not walk. Her husband was away on a business trip and thus her daughter, who was in Delhi university returned and took her to the hospital. Also See: Colon Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Diagnosis of colon cancer Lot of tests were done and the CAT Scan found a mass in her right colon which looked like a tumour. She remained in the hospital for seven days. As she writes, “Ten days of worry, testing, scans, surgical treatment and also a lot of bonding with the nurses”. During that time, a colonoscopy confirmed that the tumour had actually shut off her colon, a Pet scan validated that it had grown past the colon walls and also into the lymph nodes. So she had what we call cancer of the right colon. Once a cancer is diagnosed with colonoscopy and biopsy, the PET CT assesses the entire body for any spread. After these tests, we stage the tumour by giving it a number. Thus Sonia had stage 3 of right sided cancer of the colon and required urgent colon cancer surgery as the lesion was obstructing her ascending colon. This is called a obstructing colon cancer is normal parlance. Colon Cancer Surgery Laparoscopic surgical treatment removed the tumour, 24 cm of colon and also 21 lymph nodes. She recovered well to go home and to be followed up in the OPD. Her case was discussed in hospital tumour board and her cancer was labelled as a Stage III Colon Cancer. Her final biopsy had shown some small vessel infiltration. She was referred to medical oncologist, who made a decision that even though the nodes weren’t impacted, it would be only a short time prior to they would certainly have been, so they decided to give her chemotherapy. This is what Sonia says “Up until this point, I had been living with an extremely worn out sensation at all times as well as taking medication for chest allergy due to the fact that I was having a difficult time capturing my breath. However it turned out I was extremely anaemic and B-12 deficient. My haemoglobin was so low. After the surgery, I felt better as I had received blood transfusions. My pain was gone and since there was no big incision for my surgery, I started feeling good and cheerful” Colon cancer chemotherapy Chemotherapy treatment started a month later and consisted of 5FU, Leucovorin and Oxalliplatin. She writes “life was far from typical. I needed to take added iron tablets as well as have B-12 shots. I got on 3 types of anti-nausea drug. My hair fell from the chemo, I had consistent nose and anal bleeds but had the ability to maintain my composure as well as a will to survive.” So all patients of stage 3 and 4 with colon cancer receive chemotherapy after colon cancer surgery. Some patients of stage 2 also receive chemotherapy after colon cancer surgery as they have some bad prognostic markers. Sonia had obstruction as well as some small vessel infiltration with tumour and thus was earmarked for chemotherapy. The chemotherapy is started about 4 weeks after the surgery and the wounds are completely healed. In the interim a port is inserted to deliver chemotherapy. Sonia writes “I still had fatigue however, I had to will myself to try as well as live a rather regular life. Strolling was difficult as a result of the wooziness. I fell a number of times due to the enduring neuropathy in my feet. I had several issues with my power port but in the end everything worked well. Throughout this experience I utilized the expression “It’s all excellent” as my reply when asked just how I was doing.” Also See Rectal Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Colon cancer surveillance Sonia will be followed up every 3 months for five years, with proceeded checks up to 10 years. Sonia has persuaded her friends to go for screening and all have lately been checked out by their doctors. Colon cancer presents in many ways. Sonia had a complicated presentation as she developed intestinal obstruction because of colon cancer. Colon cancer surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Laparoscopic surgery is the preferred method to do surgery. The surgeries include right, extended right or left hemicolectomy. Chemotherapy is given after surgery for some stage 2, stage 3 and stage 4 colon cancers. Preoperative chemotherapy may be used in stage 4 cancers before surgery is planned. Survival is very good in colon cancer and one should not give up hope. Sonia’s story should be a great motivator for all patients with colon cancer.

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