colon cancer

Understanding Right Colon Cancer: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options Right colon cancer, also known as ascending colon cancer, is a form of colorectal cancer that develops in the right portion of the colon. It is essential to raise awareness about this condition to promote early detection and improve treatment outcomes. I will aim to provide comprehensive information on right colon cancer, including its symptoms, diagnosis methods, treatment options, and prevention strategies. Understanding Right Colon Cancer: The colon, or large intestine, is divided into several sections, with the right colon comprising the cecum, ascending colon and a right side of transverse colon. Right colon cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in this region, forming a tumor. If left untreated, the cancer can spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs and cause death. Symptoms: Abdominal pain or discomfort: Persistent pain or discomfort in the right lower abdomen may be a sign of right colon cancer. Changes in bowel habits: Chronic diarrhoea or constipation that lasts for an extended period can indicate a problem, though more common for left colon and rectal cancers. Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool: Bright red blood or dark, tarry stools may be indicative of colorectal cancer. Unexplained weight loss and fatigue: Rapid weight loss and persistent fatigue unrelated to other factors could be warning signs. Iron deficiency anemia: Chronic bleeding from the tumor can lead to iron deficiency anemia, causing weakness and fatigue. Palpable mass in the abdomen: In some cases, a lump or swelling may be felt in the abdomen, especially on the right side. Diagnosis: Early detection is crucial for effective treatment. Colorectal Surgeons use several methods to diagnose right colon cancer, including: Physical examination: A thorough physical examination helps detect any abnormalities or masses in the abdomen. Imaging tests: Imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or ultrasound can provide detailed images of the colon, helping identify tumors or abnormal growths. PET CT is a special modality to detect cancer. Colonoscopy: This procedure involves the insertion of a flexible tube with a camera into the rectum and colon. It allows visual examination of the entire colon, facilitating the detection of polyps or tumors. Biopsy samples may be collected during colonoscopy for further analysis. Blood tests: Blood samples may be analyzed to check for specific markers associated with colon cancer, as well as to assess for anemia. Treatment Options: The treatment approach for right colon cancer depends on various factors, including the cancer stage, overall health of the patient, and individual preferences. Common treatment options include: Surgery: Surgical removal of the tumor, along with nearby lymph nodes, is the primary treatment for right colon cancer. A right colectomy may be performed, which involves removing the right portion of the colon and reconnecting the healthy ends. It’s also called Right Hemicolectomy. The surgery is usually performed with minimum access like robotic assisted right hemicolectomy or laparoscopic assisted right hemicolectomy. Chemotherapy: When the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes or distant organs, chemotherapy drugs are used to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. Chemotherapy can be administered before or after surgery. Targeted therapy: Some individuals with specific genetic mutations may benefit from targeted therapies. These medications, such as anti-EGFR or anti-VEGF drugs, target specific mutations in cancer cells, impeding their growth. Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy may be used in specific cases to shrink tumors before surgery or to alleviate symptoms caused by advanced cancer. However, it is generally less common in the treatment of right colon cancer. Prognosis: The prognosis for right colon cancer varies based on factors such as the stage of cancer at diagnosis, the effectiveness of the treatment, and the individual’s overall health. Early detection and treatment significantly improve the prognosis. However, if the cancer has metastasized to distant sites or organs, the prognosis may be less favorable. Prevention Strategies: Prevention plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of right colon cancer. Here are some preventive measures individuals can adopt: Regular screening: Colonoscopies and other screening tests are vital for early detection and prevention of colon cancer. The recommended screening age may vary based on personal risk factors and family history. Healthy lifestyle choices: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, along with regular exercise, can contribute to reducing the risk of colon cancer. Avoiding processed meats, limiting alcohol consumption, quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight are also beneficial. Awareness of risk factors: Individuals with a family history of colon cancer or certain genetic conditions should be vigilant about regular screenings and discuss their risk factors with healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Right colon cancer is a significant health concern that requires awareness, early detection, and prompt treatment. Recognizing the symptoms, undergoing regular screenings, and adopting a healthy lifestyle are vital steps towards preventing and managing this form of colorectal cancer. If you have concerns or suspect any symptoms related to colon cancer, consult with a colorectal cancer for personalized advice, diagnosis, and treatment options. Also See: Colon Cancer Surgery in Chandigarh Survivor Story: Colon Cancer Surgery

Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

Surgery for colon cancer: Best option for you

Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

Surgical treatment is the most usual treatment for colon cancer and also might range from minimally invasive, such as excising a polyp throughout a colonoscopy, to, in rare instances, getting rid of the whole colon. Many surgeries for colon and rectal cancer involve getting rid of cancer, the section of the colon in which the cancer was found, surrounding normal tissue as well as close-by lymph nodes. This is the basic principle used for all cancer surgeries of colon and rectum irrespective of whether open or minimally invasive surgical procedure is used. People may get chemotherapy treatment and/or radiation treatment before and/or after surgical procedure for rectal cancer. These adjuvant therapies may help diminish tumours prior to they are surgically gotten rid of and are intended to target cancer cells that may continue to be after surgical treatment. Such a choice will depend on the clinical staging of the cancer Local excision and polypectomy If colon or rectal polyp or cancer is found at an early stage, it can be removed, with a colonoscope. It is a excision that does not need puncturing the abdominal wall. If the excision includes the removal of a polyp, the treatment is called a polypectomy. This is also used to remove pre malignant lesions and thus need for surgery is avoided. During these procedures, a physician accesses the colon or rectum with a colonoscope as well as a connected cutting tools used to remove the polyps or unusual cells. If a polyp or location of uncommon cells cannot be excised through these treatments, laparoscopic or open surgery may be needed. Colectomy: Total or Hemicolectomy A colectomy is the removal of all or part of the colon. The resection might be carried out as a less intrusive laparoscopic colectomy. If open surgery is needed, a lengthy incision in the abdomen might be required. With open surgery, patients will remain in the hospital for a week or more and might have a longer period of recovery. Early discharge is possible with laparoscopic or open surgery. Laparoscopic surgery for Colon Cancer Colorectal surgeon will carry out a laparoscopic colectomy to get rid of the malignant part of the colon and also neighbouring lymph nodes, and afterwards reattach the healthy ends of the colon. A laparoscopic colectomy may result in less pain, a shorter stay in the health centre and also a speedier recovery. With a laparoscopic colectomy, about 4 to 5 tiny lacerations are made around the abdomen. The medical oncologist after that inserts a laparoscope, a thin tube outfitted with a small video camera that projects photos of the within the abdominal area on a nearby screen. The colorectal surgeon after that inserts tools via these small cuts to do the surgery. Types of Colectomy used for Colon Cancer The type will depend upon the location and extent of the tumour. This will also depend on the number of tumours found in the colon. Based on above these could be: Total Colectomy Subtotal Colectomy Right Hemicolectomy Right Extended Hemicolectomy Left Hemicolectomy High Anterior Resection Sigmoid Colectomy Proctocolectomy Colostomy for colon cancer A colostomy may be needed, relying on the kind as well as degree of the colon surgical treatment carried out. During this procedure, the colon is linked to a hole in the abdomen (called a stoma) to draw away faeces from a damaged or surgically fixed part of the colon or anus. Some colostomies may be reversed as soon as the repaired tissue heals. Various other colostomies are irreversible, as well as the stoma is affixed to a colostomy bag that accumulates waste. These are called permanent colostomies and are used for very low rectal cancer which is near the anus and the sphincters are involved. Proctectomy A proctectomy is used to get rid of all or part of the rectum. A low-anterior resection entails the removal of rectum for cancer located in the top part of the rectum, which is closest to the S-shaped sigmoid colon. Some surrounding healthy rectal tissue may likewise be eliminated, in addition to nearby lymph nodes and also fatty tissue. This surgery involves a joint made with special staplers and the colostomy used is temporary. A pathologist will analyse the lymph nodes to identify if cancer cells are present. This will certainly aid physicians identify the stage of the disease and also whether chemotherapy and or radiotherapy is required. After the cancerous section of the rectum is eliminated, the colorectal oncologist links the sigmoid colon with the remaining healthy part of the rectum below the cancer. This allows waste to pass typically out of the body through the anus, once the temporary stoma is removed. Abdominoperineal resection (APR) is made use of to deal with cancer in the lower rectum. Since this treatment needs removal of the cancerous section of the lower anus nearest the anus, some or every one of the anal sphincter is likewise gotten rid of. The sphincter is a muscle that maintains the anus shut and protects against stool leak. Since the sphincter is in charge of digestive tract control, the colorectal surgeon additionally carries out a colostomy to enable the body to secrete waste. Laparoscopic or Robotic Surgery for rectal cancers All kind of proctectomies in including APR are also done by these procedures. Robotic surgery gives an edge over laparoscopic surgery as it has better magnification and is more precise in limited spaces. However open surgery may be required for larger or fixed tumours of the rectum. HIPEC for Colon Cancer Hyperthermic intraperitoneal radiation treatment (HIPEC) is an extremely focused, warmed chemotherapy therapy that is supplied directly to the abdominal area throughout surgery. Unlike systemic radiation treatment distribution, which distributes throughout the body, HIPEC may supply chemotherapy directly to cancer cells in the abdomen. This allows for higher dosages of chemotherapy therapy. HIPEC might be especially practical for people with colon cancer or rectal tumours that have not involved organs such as the liver or lungs, or to lymph nodes outside

Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

Stage 4 Colon Cancer: Now There is Hope with Treatment

Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

Colon cancer is the 3rd most commonly identified cancer in both males as well as females in the world. In India, 4.4 people per lac get colon cancer and thus almost 60,000 people get colon cancer each year or 157 new colon cancers are diagnosed every day. Overall 5 years survival rates are 14 to 19%; however 5 year survival rates for patients with stage 4 colon cancer that metastasize to liver and had removal of liver metastases at the same time as colon surgery improved up to 70%, which is a huge survival advantage. Stage 4 colon cancer is late-stage cancer in which the disease has actually spread to other tissues or body organs in the body and also is, as a result, harder to treat. Treatment may just be partly successful, and also cancer may be more likely to return after treatment. Colon cancer usually infects the liver, however it can also infect other locations like the lungs, brain, peritoneum, or to distant lymph nodes. Surgery followed by chemotherapy for stage 4 colon cancer If there are only a couple of small locations of cancer spread (metastases) in the liver or lungs and they can be removed along with the colon cancer, surgery will give the best results. Colon surgery along with removal of a part of the liver or lung containing the cancer procedure may give better results and helps one live longer. Surgery will be followed by appropriate chemotherapy. It’s very crucial to understand the goal of the surgery ─ whether it’s to try to heal the cancer or to avoid or alleviate signs and symptoms of the cancer. This aspect has to be clearly understood, if one has stage 4 colon cancer. Chemotherapy for stage 4 colon cancer followed by surgery and further chemotherapy If the metastases cannot be eliminated because they’re too big or there are as well several of them, chemotherapy may be given before surgery (neoadjuvant chemo). Chemo may be offered once more after surgical treatment. A lot of patients respond very well to this combination management plan. At times, the secondary tumours will disappear outright and thus the surgical procedure does become simpler and yields better results. Chemotherapy for colon cancer If the cancer spread excessive and widespread, one will not attempt to treat it with surgical procedure; chemotherapy is the main therapy in these situations. Surgical procedure might still be required if the cancer is blocking the colon or is most likely to do so; this is called colon obstruction or large intestinal obstruction. Chemotherapy remains the backbone of management in these situations. Stage 4 colon cancer with intestinal obstruction Sometimes, a surgical procedure can be avoided by putting a stent (a hollow steel tube) right into the colon where the cancer is, during a colonoscopy, to keep it open. Otherwise, operations such as a colectomy or diverting colostomy (cutting the colon above the level of the cancer, bringing it out and affixing the end to an opening in the skin on the belly to enable waste to be collected in a bag). This is called a colostomy or an ileostomy; these are also called diversion stomas. Chemotherapy or targeted therapy or both for stage 4 colon cancer Most people with phase IV cancer cells will certainly obtain chemo and/or targeted therapies to regulate the cancer cells. A few of the most typically regimens include: FOLFOX: leucovorin, 5-FU, and also oxaliplatin. FOLFIRI: leucovorin, 5-FU, as well as irinotecan. CAPEOX or CAPOX: capecitabine (Xeloda) and oxaliplatin. FOLFOXIRI: leucovorin, 5-FU, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan. One of the above mixes plus either a drug that targets VEGF, (bevacizumab [Avastin], ziv-aflibercept, or ramucirumab, or a drug that targets EGFR (cetuximab [Erbitux] or panitumumab. 5-FU and leucovorin, with or without a targeted medication. Capecitabine, with or without a targeted medicine. Irinotecan, with or without a targeted medicine. Cetuximab alone. Panitumumab alone. Regorafenib alone. The option of regimen to be used depends upon a number of aspects, including previous therapies you’ve had and also your overall wellness. At times one has to toggle these combinations depending upon the effectiveness of these medications. Radiotherapy for stage 4 colon cancer Radiation treatment can also be made use of to relieve signs and symptoms in the colon from the cancer such as pain. It could additionally be used to treat locations of spread such as in the lungs or bone. It may reduce tumours for a while, but it’s not most likely to treat the cancer. Outcomes after treatment of stage 4 colon cancer Thus, we can safely say that the 5 year survival rates for colon cancer range between 14% to up to 70%. The success of specific treatment approaches may differ among individuals, with treatments successful for some individuals having little effect in others. Additionally, specialists base these statistics on previous cases. As treatments often tend to get better gradually, survival rates may be more reliable and better as improved treatments become available. Specific factors can likewise play a significant function in a person’s outcome. For instance, the age as well as general wellness of a person might influence their responsiveness to therapy. Recap for Stage 4 Colon Cancer

Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

Second Cancer After Colon Cancer: Survivors need to be careful

Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

Colon cancer survivors can have a number of unrelated illnesses, yet usually a major concern is encountering cancer once again. Cancer that returns after therapy is called a recurrence. Some colon cancer survivors get a new unrelated cancer later in life. This is called a second cancer and has to be treated according to its own merit. They could be at greater risk for certain other types of cancer. Individuals that have had colon cancer can get any sort of second cancer , but they have an enhanced risk of the following cancers as observed: A new colon cancer which is different from the first cancer coming back Rectal cancer Uterine cancer Anal cancer Oral cavity cancer Stomach cancer Small intestine cancer Kidney cancer Bile duct cancer Reason for second cancer after Colon Cancer The increased threat with a few of these cancers might be due to common threat aspects, such as diet, obesity, as well as exercise. Genes may likewise be an element. People with Lynch disorder (genetic non-polyposis intestines cancer cells) have actually an increased risk of many of these cancers. Follow-up after colon cancer surgery After finishing therapy for colon cancer, you should still see your physician regularly to try to find indications that cancer has actually returned or spread out. Survivors of colon cancer must additionally comply with the Screening Guidelines for the Early Detection of Cancer, such as those for breast, cervical, lung, as well as prostate cancer. For individuals who have actually had colon cancer , most experts don’t advise any extra screening to try to find second cancers unless one has symptoms. One possible exemption is in women that had colon cancer as a result of having Lynch disorder, as these women are likewise at raised threat for endometrial and also some other cancers. If you have Lynch disorder or one or more acquired syndrome, it’s important to talk to your doctor regarding your dangers. Can I decrease my danger of getting a second cancer? There are actions you can take to reduce your risk and stay as healthy and eat balanced diet as feasible. For example, people who have had intestines cancer cells ought to do their finest to stay away from tobacco items. Smoking cigarettes may even more enhance the risk of a few of the second cancers that are extra common after intestines cancer. To aid keep good wellness, colon cancer survivors need to: Get to and remain at a healthy and balanced weight. Be energetic Follow a healthy eating pattern that consists of plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and restrictions or stays clear of red and processed meats, sweet drinks, as well as processed foods. It’s best not to drink alcohol. If you do drink, have no more than 1 beverage each day for ladies or 2 per day for men. Dr. Rajeev Kapoor is the best colon cancer surgeon in Chandigarh. If you diagnosed with colon cancer, make an appointment today!

Colon Cancer Surgery, Colorectal Cancer, Colorectal Surgery, Colostomy, Ileostomy, Permanent Stoma, Rectal Cancer, Rectal Cancer Surgery

Avoid Permanent Colostomy or Ileostomy

Colon Cancer Surgery, Colorectal Cancer, Colorectal Surgery, Colostomy, Ileostomy, Permanent Stoma, Rectal Cancer, Rectal Cancer Surgery / kapoorcmc

Colon and rectal cancer survivors can lead an energetic way of life after surgical treatment, and also most can avoid the need for a colostomy bag with innovative operations available There is an increase in colon and rectal cancer in people those in their 20s to 40s; millennials have actually seen a 1.3% annual boost in colon cancer as well as a 2.3% annual rise in rectal cancer from the mid-1990s. This is an extremely active population that is in prime of their lives, building families and also occupations. When they get cancer, they are worried about getting an ileostomy or a colostomy — a surgically created opening in the body that directs faeces into an external waste collection receptacle called a colostomy bag. Both colostomy or ileostomy are also referred to as a stoma Contrary to common belief, about 80% to 90% of patients who have surgical procedure to get rid of a rectal or colon cancer will not require a permanent ileostomy or colostomy. The mix of advanced imaging technology as well as sophisticated investigation permits us to identify cancers earlier and also remove them with even more accuracy, typically eliminating the need for a colostomy bag. For colon cancer, it is rare that a person will require a permanent ileostomy or colostomy. Those at greater risk can consist of people in bad general health and wellness prior to surgery as well as those that need emergency surgical treatment. How sophisticated rectal cancer surgery can avoid a permanent stoma Sphincter-sparing surgical treatment is an innovative procedure in which we remove a cancer that is close to the anus without needing to operate on the sphincter. One research study showed that from 1990 onward for 20 years, 67% to 73% of people who had rectal cancer cells got sphincter-sparing surgical treatment. Executing this technique calls for knowledge, skill and dexterity far beyond a general surgeons skills. Colorectal surgeon have that requisite skill. Before performing the sphincter-sparing surgery for rectal cancer, we need to initially find the cancers relationship to the anal sphincters. If there is a chance to go beyond the tumour for 2 cm without damaging the sphincter, permanent colostomy is avoided. Once the part of rectum containing the cancer is eliminated, along with the fat as well as lymph nodes that surround the anus, the colorectal surgeon will reconnect the colon to the cut end of the rectum. This avoids cutting into the sphincter and removes the requirement for an irreversible colostomy in most patients. Special equipment to connect the two ends is used, which is called stapling devices. Multiple kind of these stapling devices are available and are chosen according to the patients requirement. Ileostomy may be required, but it is temporary and reversed after 12 weeks. It will depend on the patient’s anatomy and how much rectum we got rid of, a short-term ileostomy typically is required as the body heals. Timing to connect back will also depend upon on whether the person needs to receive further chemotherapy treatment and when the person feels strong sufficient to undertake a 2nd surgery. Living an active life with an ileostomy or colostomy If you are among the little percent of individuals who do need a permanent ileostomy/colostomy, we’ll review your current activity level before surgical treatment and also give thorough guidelines on exactly how to keep your way of life with a stoma. To help attain these outcomes, a team strategy along with a stoma therapist is utilized to plan each person’s care. Looking after a temporary or permanent ileostomy or colostomy Dealing with a stoma takes some getting used to, but everyone gets used to it. One of the greatest problems is whether a stoma be apparent to others; in the majority of scenarios, it is not visible. Stoma nurses are professionals in ileostomy care. They’ll educate you in correct cleaning and also upkeep methods, along with offer suggestions to adjust your wardrobe and regular activities as you accommodate to your new routine. When you return house, you will have accessibility to Stoma Care nurse who will certainly help you in taking care of the ileostomy or colostomy. A colostomy irrigation protocol followed daily removes the need for wearing a colostomy bag for almost all patients with a permanent colostomy. Highlights

Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery

Colectomy Surgery in Chandigarh | Colon Resection Surgery, Treatment

Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery / kapoorcmc

Colectomy Surgery – What I Need to Know about it Colectomy Surgery in Chandigarh – Colectomy is a surgical procedure used to eliminate a part or all of the large intestine (colon). Your colorectal surgeon may advise a colectomy to deal with inflamed colon triggered by Crohn’s disease or colitis. It can additionally be done to deal with colon cancer as well as severe constipation. There are plenty of other reasons for which partial or complete colectomy is done; let’s find out below. What is the colon? The colon is another name for the big intestine. Some doctor call it the large bowel. The colon appears like a long, winding tube. It covers from right side of your belly to the left, making a square-like form. It extends almost 5 feet in size. It begins where the small intestine (ileum) finishes, and goes across the belly to end at the anus. What is the role of colon: It assists your body digest food. Following are the steps of food movement in the colon: Food goes into the colon from the small intestine. As food moves via the colon, water gradually gets taken in. Not absorbed food waste heads to the rectum as stool. Stool exits the body with the rectum when you poop or faeces or poo Why is a colectomy done? There are various diseases for which this procedure is done. As specified above, the removal of colon could be partial, segmental or complete. Several diseases for which it is done are: Ulcerative colitis Crohn disease Amoebic colitis Ischaemic colitis Colon Cancer Diverticulitis and its complications Vascular malformation causing bleeding Chronic constipation Other infections causing colitis Colonic obstruction called intestinal obstruction Volvulus Intussception Multiple polyps In many cases, colorectal surgeon may advise colectomy surgical procedure as the best method to treat an illness, such as colon cancer. Other times, colectomy is considered as a less-invasive treatment choice, when medicines fail to control the disease. Less commonly, doctors may require to carry out a colectomy to remove a blockage or stop haemorrhaging in your colon. Also See: Colon Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh What is a total colectomy? Many nomenclatures are used based on the area of the colon gotten rid of through a procedure. During a total colectomy, a colorectal surgeon removes the whole colon. What is a partial colectomy? Partial colectomy describes any kind of colectomy surgical treatment that involves removing one part of the large intestine. Kinds of partial colectomy surgical procedures consist of:. Hemicolectomy: Right or left part of the colon is removed Extended Right Hemicolectomy: Right colon along with a part of left colon is removed. Proctocolectomy: A colorectal surgeon gets rid of some or all of the colon plus the rectum. Sigmoidectomy: This procedure entails removing the bottom area of the colon. This section, the sigmoid colon, is next to the rectum. It’s also called sigmoid colectomy. High Anterior Resection: In this part of sigmoid colon and upper rectum are removed. What is a laparoscopic or Robotic colectomy? Colorectal surgeons perform the abovementioned surgeries by various methods. These are: Open surgery: A specialist makes one or even more long incision to enter the abdomen to remove or repair the colon. Laparoscopic colectomy: A specialist makes numerous tiny incisions. Long, advanced, flexible tools (with a video camera) is inserted inside the tummy via these cuts. The camera presents amplified pictures from inside your body onto a TV monitor by the side of the operating table. The surgeon does the surgery as required. A small incision is used to remove the resected colon. Robotic Colectomy: This is another latest method to do the surgery. It’s done through small incisions and long flexible instruments, but the instruments are help by a robot controlled by the surgeon. Surgeon gets a 3D vies from his console. The procedure remains the same as described in laparoscopic surgery. Also See: Rectal Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh What’s the distinction in between a colectomy and a colostomy? Not all colectomy surgeries need a colostomy. If your specialist can reconnect both ends of healthy colon cells, no colostomy is required. Many a times, a colostomy is required along with the colectomy and it could be a temporary or a permanent colostomy. What is a colostomy: It involves making an opening (called a stoma) in the abdominal wall surface when the healthy and balanced end of the colon is brought out as a stoma. The waste matter is collected in a plastic bag (called a colostomy bag) covering the stoma. This water-proof bag accumulates waste from the digestive system tract. You will need to empty this bag throughout the day. Is a colostomy irreversible? Not always. Many people just require a colostomy momentarily while their colon heals. During a second operation, your colorectal. surgeon reconnects the colon and also removes the colostomy bag. In specific situations, a colostomy is permanent. How much time is taken for a colectomy? Colectomy surgical treatment may take as low as one hr or longer than 4 hours. Much depends on what the surgical treatment entails, including how much colon needs to be removed. What are the prospective dangers or complications of colectomy? Issues are usually rare. They can occur after any type of surgery. Possible difficulties of colectomy consist of: Blood loss. Infection. Blood clots. Leak from a joint connecting two parts of the colon Injury to neighbouring organs, such as the small intestine or bladder. What can I anticipate after colectomy? Recuperation from colectomy surgery is different for every person. A great deal relies on why one required a colectomy as well as what the treatment entailed. Recuperation might include minor or large modifications in how your body functions. These adjustments may be short-lived (for a short time) or long-term (long-lasting). All these issues will be explained by your surgeon. Key Points about Colectomy * Colectomy or variants are major surgical procedures. * They are mostly safe as well as effective. * laparoscopic/robotic surgery has made post-operative recovery

Cancer, Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Colorectal Surgery, Survivor story

Survivor Story: Colon Cancer Surgery – During and After

Cancer, Colon Cancer Surgery, Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Colorectal Surgery, Survivor story / kapoorcmc

This is a story of one of my patient about her fight with colon cancer. She wanted to write and I encouraged her to put her experience in words. She did so, but decided that she wanted her name be changed. It all began in 2016. Sonia, a 46-year-old, mom of a then 20 year old was working full time awakened with what she assumed was a stomach ache that just didn’t want to disappear. Throughout the day it seemed to get worse and by that night she could not walk. Her husband was away on a business trip and thus her daughter, who was in Delhi university returned and took her to the hospital. Also See: Colon Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Diagnosis of colon cancer Lot of tests were done and the CAT Scan found a mass in her right colon which looked like a tumour. She remained in the hospital for seven days. As she writes, “Ten days of worry, testing, scans, surgical treatment and also a lot of bonding with the nurses”. During that time, a colonoscopy confirmed that the tumour had actually shut off her colon, a Pet scan validated that it had grown past the colon walls and also into the lymph nodes. So she had what we call cancer of the right colon. Once a cancer is diagnosed with colonoscopy and biopsy, the PET CT assesses the entire body for any spread. After these tests, we stage the tumour by giving it a number. Thus Sonia had stage 3 of right sided cancer of the colon and required urgent colon cancer surgery as the lesion was obstructing her ascending colon. This is called a obstructing colon cancer is normal parlance. Colon Cancer Surgery Laparoscopic surgical treatment removed the tumour, 24 cm of colon and also 21 lymph nodes. She recovered well to go home and to be followed up in the OPD. Her case was discussed in hospital tumour board and her cancer was labelled as a Stage III Colon Cancer. Her final biopsy had shown some small vessel infiltration. She was referred to medical oncologist, who made a decision that even though the nodes weren’t impacted, it would be only a short time prior to they would certainly have been, so they decided to give her chemotherapy. This is what Sonia says “Up until this point, I had been living with an extremely worn out sensation at all times as well as taking medication for chest allergy due to the fact that I was having a difficult time capturing my breath. However it turned out I was extremely anaemic and B-12 deficient. My haemoglobin was so low. After the surgery, I felt better as I had received blood transfusions. My pain was gone and since there was no big incision for my surgery, I started feeling good and cheerful” Colon cancer chemotherapy Chemotherapy treatment started a month later and consisted of 5FU, Leucovorin and Oxalliplatin. She writes “life was far from typical. I needed to take added iron tablets as well as have B-12 shots. I got on 3 types of anti-nausea drug. My hair fell from the chemo, I had consistent nose and anal bleeds but had the ability to maintain my composure as well as a will to survive.” So all patients of stage 3 and 4 with colon cancer receive chemotherapy after colon cancer surgery. Some patients of stage 2 also receive chemotherapy after colon cancer surgery as they have some bad prognostic markers. Sonia had obstruction as well as some small vessel infiltration with tumour and thus was earmarked for chemotherapy. The chemotherapy is started about 4 weeks after the surgery and the wounds are completely healed. In the interim a port is inserted to deliver chemotherapy. Sonia writes “I still had fatigue however, I had to will myself to try as well as live a rather regular life. Strolling was difficult as a result of the wooziness. I fell a number of times due to the enduring neuropathy in my feet. I had several issues with my power port but in the end everything worked well. Throughout this experience I utilized the expression “It’s all excellent” as my reply when asked just how I was doing.” Also See Rectal Cancer Surgeon in Chandigarh Colon cancer surveillance Sonia will be followed up every 3 months for five years, with proceeded checks up to 10 years. Sonia has persuaded her friends to go for screening and all have lately been checked out by their doctors. Colon cancer presents in many ways. Sonia had a complicated presentation as she developed intestinal obstruction because of colon cancer. Colon cancer surgery remains the mainstay of treatment. Laparoscopic surgery is the preferred method to do surgery. The surgeries include right, extended right or left hemicolectomy. Chemotherapy is given after surgery for some stage 2, stage 3 and stage 4 colon cancers. Preoperative chemotherapy may be used in stage 4 cancers before surgery is planned. Survival is very good in colon cancer and one should not give up hope. Sonia’s story should be a great motivator for all patients with colon cancer.

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer Screening, Rectal Cancer

Colorectal Cancer Screening and Surveillance for Prevention

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer Screening, Rectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

Colon and rectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer in males and third most common cancer in females in India. Those with a family history of the illness or who have actually had breast, uterine, or ovarian cancer are at a greater threat, as are those who have a history of substantial inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative or Crohn’s colitis. Among the harder aspects of colorectal cancer detection is that, in a lot of cases, the cancers cells or polyps do not initially create any kind of symptoms. The goal is to recognize the possibility for disease as early as feasible, in order to facilitate avoidance or remedy. That’s why testing is so significant; it recognizes whether an asymptomatic person has an illness or condition that could cause cancer. Surveillance, on the other hand, entails screening those with a background of colorectal cancer , or that have actually been identified as being at a higher danger for developing it. Screening for Colorectal Cancer Many people with colon and rectal cancer do not experience any kind of signs and symptoms (consisting of anal blood loss as well as pain in the abdomen) till the cancer is rather progressed– which is why it’s usually described as a “silent” condition. The possibility for a cure is however much lower after signs establish, which is why testing is important. The majority of colorecta cancers begin as polyps (non-cancerous growths). Getting rid of the polyps may lead to stopping the cancer and avoiding the requirement for major surgical procedure. Screening Tests for Colorectal Cancer There are different screening tests that can be carried out. One of the a lot more common tests is called faecal occult blood screening, which includes examining the faeces to detect any kind of blood that might not be visible to the eye. Considering that it only detects cancers as well as polyps that are bleeding at the time of the test, however, faecal occult blood testing is generally used together with other testing methods. Flexible sigmoidoscopy enables your doctor to look straight at the cellular lining of the colon and also rectum. The examination focuses on the cellular lining of the last portion of the colon and anus, where many polyps and cancers cells normally start. Combined with faecal occult blood screening, sigmoidoscopy can find many cancers and also polyps. If an sigmoidoscopy leads to the discovery of a polyp or cancer, or if a person is thought about at a greater risk for having colorectal cancer, after that the physician will likely do a colonoscopy. This treatment permits a full exam of the colorectal cellular lining, in order to diagnose troubles as well as to do biopsies as well as to get rid of polyps. Colonoscopies are typically executed on an outpatient basis. Barium enema, or x-ray of the colon, is an additional treatment made use of to spot big polyps or lumps. It is less exact for smaller sized tumours, and also not quite as effective as a colonoscopy. CT Scan is used in those people, where the suspicion is high but screening tests have not revealed much. When and how often the colorectal cancer screening must be done For people with no determined threats, a digital anal evaluation and screening of the stool for concealed blood are recommended annually beginning at age 40. A colonoscopy should be performed at age 50, or earlier for those with a background of colon cancer in their household. Surveillance for Colorectal Cancer Surveillance is recommended for people in the following risk groups: People who have had any kind of pre-cancerous polyps located as well as surgically removed in the past. A colonoscopy is recommended one to three years after the very first examination. Those with a close loved one (brother or sister, moms and dad, or kid) who has actually had colon cancer or a pre-cancerous polyp. Screening must start at age 40, or five years prior to the age at which the youngest relative was detected. Individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer, including close family members as well as across a number of generations. These people should obtain genetic counselling and consider screening for a problem called genetic nonpolyposis intestines cancer. Colonoscopy is advised every 2 years starting in between ages 20 and 30, and also each year after age 40. Individuals with a family history of an acquired disease called familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Counselling and also hereditary screening are advised, to establish if they are carriers for the genetics that triggers the condition. If the gene is spotted, a sigmoidoscopy must be performed every year starting at puberty; if polyposis is present, a total proctocolectomy, which includes removing all the colon and rectum, might be recommended. People with history of colorectal cancer in the past. A total assessment (containing either a colonoscopy is advised within a year after the cancer is initially discovered as well as operatively removed. If exam outcomes are normal, a follow-up test must be carried out within 3 years. People with a background of extensive inflammatory bowel tract disease for a minimum of eight years. A colonoscopy is recommended each to two years. Ladies with a personal history of breast, ovary, or uterine cancer. These people have a 15% lifetime risk of developing colon cancer, as well as should go through a colonoscopy testing every five years, starting at age 40.

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer, Diagnostic Procedures, Rectal Cancer

When do I Need a Colonoscopy

Cancer, Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer, Diagnostic Procedures, Rectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

What is Colonoscopy? A colonoscopy is a test utilized to find lesions or irregularities in the large intestinal tract (colon) and anus. Throughout a colonoscopy, a long, flexible tube (colonoscope) is placed right into the colon. A tiny camera at the tip of the tube allows the physician to watch the whole colon. Why is Colonoscopy done? Colonoscopy is done for many purposes. It is used to investigate intestinal tract signs and symptoms. A few are listed below: Rectal bleeding Persistent constipation Chronic Diarrhoea Rectal Cancer Colon Cancer Screening for colon cancer Follow-up colonoscopy How does one prepare for Colonoscopy? After the appointment and prior to a colonoscopy, you’ll require to clear out (empty) your colon. One is not to eat solid food the day prior to the examination. Drinks may be restricted to clear fluids– ordinary water, tea and coffee without milk or just a touch of it, broth, and also carbonated beverages. Avoid red fluids, which can be confused with blood throughout the colonoscopy. You are not to consume anything after midnight before the test. Your medical professional will generally advise taking a laxative, in either tablet form or fluid kind. You might be instructed to take the laxative the night prior to your colonoscopy, or you may be asked to utilize the laxative both the evening before as well as the morning of the procedure. Sometimes, you may require to make use of a non-prescription enema package– either the evening before the exam or a few hrs prior to the exam– to empty your colon. Typically it is not recommended as a key way of clearing your colon. Details of the colonoscopy procedure Consent is taken. Risks are explained during consenting. Sedation is normally suggested. Moderate sedative is given as an injection You’ll lie on your side on the table, typically with your knees drawn towards your upper body. The physician will insert a colonoscope right into your anus and do the procedure. When the scope is moved or air/co2 is introduced, you might really feel abdominal cramping or need to have a defecation. The colonoscope likewise has a tiny video camera at its tip. The video camera sends out video to an exterior monitor to ensure that the doctor can study the inside of your colon. If there is a need, tissue samples (biopsies) are taken or polyp is excised to biopsy it. A colonoscopy generally takes around 30 to 60 mins. When can I completely recover after colonoscopy? After the test, it takes an hour to begin to recover from the sedative. You’ll need someone to take you residence because it can take up to a day for the full effects of the sedative to wear off. Don’t drive or make essential decisions or go back to work for the rest of the day. If your physician got rid of a polyp during your colonoscopy, you may be advised to consume an unique diet regimen briefly. You may feel puffed up or pass gas for a couple of hrs after the examination. Strolling might help soothe any type of pain. You may likewise discover a small amount of blood with your very first defecation after the exam. Usually this isn’t peril. Consult your doctor if you continue to pass blood or blood clots or if you have persistent stomach pain or a fever. What is a negative result? A colonoscopy is considered negative if the doctor doesn’t discover any problems in the colon. Your physician may recommend that you have another colonoscopy: • In 10 years, if you have no colon cancer risk elements other than age.• In 5 years, if you have a history of polyps in previous colonoscopy treatments.• In one year, if there was residual faces in the colon that avoided full evaluation of your colon.• If there is a positive result. What is a positive result? A colonoscopy is considered positive if the physician finds any type of polyps or unusual tissue in the colon. Most polyps aren’t cancerous, but some can be precancerous. Polyps are removed during same colonoscopy or in a new session; excised polyps are sent out to a laboratory for evaluation to determine whether they are malignant, precancerous or noncancerous. Depending on the size and number of polyps, you might require to comply with an extra strenuous monitoring routine in the future to try to find even more polyps. Another colonoscopy is advised if: • More than two polyps.• A large polyp– larger than 0.4 inch (1 centimeter).• Polyps as well as also residual stool in the colon that protects against full exam of the colon.• Polyps with specific cell attributes that suggest a greater danger of future cancer.• Malignant polyps. Difficult colonoscopy Sometimes the procedure is not completed because of lot of faecal matter. pain or difficulty in negotiating the entire length of the colon. A repeat colonoscopy in a shorter time is recommended. If your doctor wasn’t able to advance the extent of entire colon, a barium enema or virtual colonoscopy might be suggested to check out the rest of your colon. What are the risks of colonoscopy? Rarely, colonoscopy can have complications. These could be: Adverse response to the sedative used throughout the examination Haemorrhaging from where a tissue example (biopsy) was taken or a polyp or other uncommon cells was removed A tear in the colon or anus wall (perforation). What are the procedures done during colonoscopy? Biopsies of suspicious lesions Polypectomy Stenting of a stricture Argon laser to stop bleeding Laser treatment of proctitis Removal of a foreign body Screening procedure for colorectal cancer To understand how the procedure is performed, its preparation, and what to expect, you can explore our detailed guide on colonoscopy. Conclusion: Colonoscopy is a very useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool available to evaluate the colon and rectum. It is never done on the behest of a patient but needs to be recommended by a physician. One should never say no to colonoscopy when recommended.

Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

Colon Cancer: Presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment

Colon. Cancer, Colorectal Cancer / kapoorcmc

Colon cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the big intestine (colon). The colon is the last part of the digestion tract starting at cecum on right side and ending at rectum and anal canal. Colon cancer commonly impacts older adults, though it can happen at any kind of age. It usually starts as a tiny polyps that form on the inside of the colon and grows larger. Polyps are benign. Gradually these polyps can become colon cancers. Colon cancer is often called colorectal cancer, which is a term that integrates colon cancer and rectal cancer, which begins in the rectum. Large Intestine Polyps might be tiny as well as multiple, if any type of, signs. For this reason, doctors advise regular screening tests to aid protect against colon cancer cells by identifying as well as getting rid of polyps before they develop into cancer. If colon cancer develops, lots of therapies are readily available to help get rid of it, consisting of surgical treatment, chemotherapy treatment as well as medicine treatments, such as radiation treatment, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. What are the Signs and Symptoms of colon cancer A persistent modification in your bowel practices, consisting of diarrhoea or irregularity or a change in the consistency of your faecesAnal bleeding or blood in your faecesPersistent abdominal painA sensation that your bowel doesn’t empty totallyWeakness or exhaustionInexplicable weight reduction Many individuals with colon cancer experience no symptoms in the beginning of the illness. When symptoms show up, they’ll likely differ, relying on the cancer cells’ size and also location in your large intestinal tract. When to see a medical professional If you see any one of the above symptoms or signs that stress you, make an appointment with your medical professional. How does colon cancer starts Physicians aren’t certain what creates most colon cancers. However, generally, colon cancer begins when healthy and balanced cells in the colon develop modifications (anomalies) in their DNA. A cell’s DNA includes a collection of directions that inform a cell what to do. When a cell’s DNA is harmed and also ends up being cancerous, cells proceed to split– also when brand-new cells aren’t needed. As the cells accumulate, they create a growth. With time, the cancer cells can expand to invade as well as damage typical organs nearby. As well as malignant cells can travel to other parts of the body to develop deposits there (spread). What are the causes or risk factors of colon cancer? Older age. African-American race. A personal history of colon cancer or polyps. Family history of colon cancer Inflammatory digestive tract conditions. Inherited syndromes like familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and also Lynch disorder, which is likewise known as hereditary nonpolyposis intestines cancer cells (HNPCC). Low-fiber, high-fat diet. An inactive way of life. Obesity. Diabetes mellitus. Smoking cigarettes. Heavy use of Alcohol. How do we diagnose colon cancer? • Colonoscopy: It uses a long, versatile and also slender tube affixed to a camera and screen to see your whole colon as well as anus. If any questionable areas are discovered, your medical professional can pass medical tools via television to take tissue examples (biopsies) for evaluation and get rid of polyps.• Blood examinations• CEA levels: Tracked gradually, the degree of CEA in your blood may help your medical professional comprehend your prognosis and also whether your cancer is responding to therapy.• CT Scan• PET Scan What is Staging of Colon Cancer? Staging helps establish what therapies are most appropriate for you. The stages of colon cancer are shown by Roman numerals that vary from 0 to IV, with the most curable stages being I to III suggesting cancer that is limited to the lining of the within the colon. By stage IV, the cancer cells has actually spread (metastasized) to other locations of the body and the cure becomes limited. How do we treat Colon Cancer? Treatment depends on the staging of the colon cancer. Type of surgery depends on the location of the colon cancer. Modality of surgery depends on the expertise of the surgeon as well as the stage and extent of the tumour. Therapy for colon cancer generally entails surgical treatment to get rid of the cancer. Various other therapies, such as radiation treatment and chemotherapy, may likewise be advised as required according to the final stage. Surgery for very early-stage colon cancer like polyps If your colon cancer is extremely tiny, your medical professional might advise a minimally invasive method to surgical procedure, such as:• Polypectomy: If your cancer is small, localized, entirely included within a polyp and in a really beginning, your medical professional may be able to remove it totally with colonoscopy.• Endoscopic mucosal resection: Larger polyps might be eliminated during colonoscopy making use of unique devices to remove the polyp and a percentage of the internal lining of the colon in a treatment called an endoscopic mucosal resection. If it is a limited growth in the colon then the options available are: Keyhole surgical procedure (laparoscopic surgical procedure): In this treatment, your doctor does the operation via a number of tiny cuts in your stomach wall, placing instruments with affixed electronic cameras that display your colon on a video clip display. The specialist might likewise take samples from lymph nodes in the location where the cancer is located. Open Surgery: The surgery is done by the open method in which a large incision is used. If the tumour is badly stuck all around or it is very large or invading surrounding structures, then this traditional method is used. The decision depends on the operating colorectal surgeon. Partial colectomy: Throughout this treatment, the surgeon eliminates the part of your colon which contains the cancer, in addition to a margin of regular colon on either side of the cancer cells Your surgeon is often able to reconnect the ends of your colon or rectum. This treatment can frequently be done by a minimally invasive technique (laparoscopy or robotic surgery). Its called right

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